MIR34A

MicroRNA 34a (miR-34a) is a MicroRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR34A gene.[3]

MIR34A
Identifiers
AliasesMIR34A, MIRN34A, miRNA34A, mir-34, mir-34a, microRNA 34a
External IDsOMIM: 611172 GeneCards: MIR34A
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 1 (human)[1]
Band1p36.22|1p36.22Start9,151,668 bp[1]
End9,151,777 bp[1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

407040

n/a

Ensembl

ENSG00000284357

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UniProt

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 9.15 – 9.15 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2]n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Function

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Clinical relevance

miR-34a suppresses the gene expression of the NAMPT gene which encodes the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) enzyme which is the rate-limiting enzyme in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway, resulting in reduced NAD.[4] miR-34a suppression of gene expression also reduces levels of sirtuin 1.[4] Aging and obesity increases levels of miR-34a.[4]

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References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000284357 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. "Entrez Gene: MicroRNA 34a".
  4. Yaku K, Okabe K, Nakagawa T (2018). "NAD Metabolism: Implications in Aging and Longevity". Ageing Research Reviews. 47: 1–17. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2018.05.006. PMID 29883761.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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