Louis-Antoine Ranvier

Louis-Antoine Ranvier (2 October 1835 – 22 March 1922) was a French physician, pathologist, anatomist and histologist, who discovered the nodes of Ranvier, regularly spaced discontinuities of the myelin sheath, occurring at varying intervals along the length of a nerve fiber.

Louis-Antoine Ranvier
Louis-Antoine Ranvier
Born2 October 1835
Lyon
Died22 March 1922 (1922-03-23) (aged 86)
Vendranges
NationalityFrench
Known fornodes of Ranvier, Merkel-Ranvier cells
Scientific career
FieldsHistology
InstitutionsCollège de France
InfluencedJoaquín Albarrán, Ferdinand-Jean Darier

Career

Ranvier was born and studied medicine at Lyon, graduating in 1865. He founded a small private research laboratory with Victor André Cornil, and together they offered a course in histology to medical students. They also wrote together an influential textbook on histopathology. In 1867, Ranvier entered the Collège de France and worked as an assistant to Claude Bernard. In 1875, he was appointed to its chair of general anatomy.

In 1878, Ranvier discovered the nodes which received his name. Other anatomical structures bearing his name are the Merkel-Ranvier cells, melanocyte-like cells in the basal layer of the epidermis that contain catecholamine granules; and Ranvier's tactile disks, a special type of sensory nerve ending. In 1897, he founded the scientific journal Archives d'anatomie microscopique with Edouard-Gérard Balbiani.

Some of his most notable students were Ferdinand-Jean Darier, Justin Marie Jolly, Joaquín Albarrán, Luis Simarro Lacabra and Fredrik Georg Gade.

Retirement

He retired in 1900 to his estate in Thélys (Roanne) and died at Vendranges in 1922.

Bibliography
  • Ranvier, Louis-Antoine and Victor André Cornil. 1869. Manuel d'histologie pathologique. Paris
  • Ranvier, Louis-Antoine. 1875-1882. Traité technique d'histologie. Paris: F. Savy
  • Ranvier, Louis-Antoine. 1878. Leçons sur l'histologie du système nerveux, par M. L. Ranvier, recueillies par M. Ed. Weber. Paris
  • Ranvier, Louis-Antoine. 1880. Leçons d'anatomie générale sur le système musculaire, par L. Ranvier, recueillies par M. J. Renaut. Paris
  • Ranvier, Louis-Antoine. 1885. Exposé des titres et des travaux de M. L. Ranvier. Paris
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