List of state leaders in 1606

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1606.

Africa

• Bosha – Magela, ruled 1600–1630
• Ethiopian Empire –
  1. Yaqob (1597–1603 and 1604–1607)
  2. Susenyos I (1606–1632)
• Sultanate of Sennar – Abd al-Qadir II (1603/4 - 1606)

Asia

• Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) – Ekathotsarot (1605–1620)
• China (Ming dynasty) – Wanli Emperor (1573–1620)
• Đại Việt – Lê Kính Tông (1600–1619)
  • Đàng Ngoài – Trịnh Tùng, Trịnh lord (1570–1623)
  • Đàng Trong – Nguyễn Hoàng, Nguyễn lord (1558–1613)
• Japan (Edo period)
  • Monarch – Emperor Go-Yōzei (1586–1611)
  • Shōgun (Tokugawa) – Tokugawa Hidetada (1605–1623)
• Joseon (Korea) – Seonjo (1567–1608)
• Mughal Empire – Jahangir (1605–1627)
• Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Nei (1587–1620)

Europe

• Kingdom of Denmark – Christian IV (1588–1648)
• Kingdom of England – James I (1603–1625)
• Kingdom of France – Henry IV (1589–1610)
• Holy Roman Empire – Rudolf II (1576–1612)
  • Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen – John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (1596–1634)
  • Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck – John Adolf, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (1586–1607)
• Moldavia
  1. Ieremia Movilă, Voivode of Moldavia (August 1595 - May 1600 and September 1600–1606)
  2. Simion Movilă, Voivode of Moldavia (1606–1607)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Ahmed I (1603–1617)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
• Tsardom of Russia
  1. False Dmitry, Tsar of Russia (1605–1606)
  2. Vasili IV, Tsar of Russia (1606–1610)
• Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Philip III of Spain and II of Portugal (1598–1621)
• Kingdom of Sweden – Charles IX (1599–1611)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585–1625)
  • Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan van Oldenbarnevelt (1586–1619)
• Republic of Venice –
  1. Marino Grimani, Doge of Venice (1595–1606)
  2. Leonardo Donato, Doge of Venice (1606–1612)

Middle East and North Africa

• Safavid Empire – Abbas I, Shah of Iran (1587–1629)

North America

• Acadia – Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Monts, Governor of Acadia (1603–1608)