List of graptolite genera

This list of graptolites is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be members of graptolithina, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia), or were not formally published (nomina nuda), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered graptolites.

Didymograptus

Naming conventions and terminology

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:

• Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
• Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen.
• Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal.
• Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
• Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.

The list

Genus Authors Year Status Age Location family Notes Abiesgraptus Abrograptus Acanthastus Acanthograptus Spencer 1878 Acanthograptidae Acrograptus Adelograptus Aellograptus Agastograptus Agetograptus Akidograptus Aletograptus Allograptus Alternograptus Bouček 1956 Cyclograptidae Amphigraptus Amplexograptus Anisograptus Anomalograptus Anthograptus Aorograptus Apiograptus Archaeolafoea Chapman 1919 Dithecodendridae Arachniograptus Araneograptus Archaeocryptolaria Chapman 1919 Rhabdopleuridae Archaeodictyota Obut & Sobolevskaya 1967 Acanthograptidae Archiclimacograptus Archiretiolites Aretograptus Arienigraptus Arnheimograptus Ascograptus Aspidograptus Atavograptus Atopograptus Aulograptus Averianowograptus Azygograptus Barrandeograptus Bergstroemograptus Bithecocamara Kozlowski 1948 Cysticamaridae Bohemograptus Brachiograptus Bryograptus Bulmanidendrum Obut 1974 Dithecodendridae Bulmanicrusta Kozlowski 1962 Wimanicrustidae Cactograptus Calamograptus Callodendrograptus Decker 1945 Cyclograptidae Callograptus Hall 1865 501.0–339.4 Ma Calycotubus Kozlowski 1949 Cyclograptidae Calyptograptus Spencer 1878 Cyclograptidae Calyxdendrum Calyxhydra Kozlowski 1959 Rhabdopleuridae Camarotubus Mierzejewski 2001 Cyclograptidae Cardiograptus Harris & Keble 1916 Cephalograptus Ceramograptus Chaunograptus Middle Cambrian (Burgess Shale) Chitinodendron Eisenack 1937 Rhabdopleuridae Choristograptus Climacograptus Clinoclimacograptus Clonograptus Coelograptus Colonograptus Ordovician Comograptus Conitubus Kozlowski 1949 Cyclograptidae Coremagraptus Bulman 1942 Acanthograptidae Coronograptus Corynites Corynoides Crinitograptus Crinocaulis Cryptograptus Cucullograptus Cyclograptus Spencer 1883 Cyclograptidae Cylindrohydra Kozłowski 1959 Rhabdopleuridae Cylindrotheca Eisenack 1934 Rhabdopleuridae Cymatograptus Cyrtograptus Cysticamara Kozlowski 1948 Cysticamaridae Cystograptus Dalyia Walcott 1919 Dithecodendridae Demirastrites Dendrograptus Lower Ordovician Dendrotubus Kozlowski 1949 Cyclograptidae Desmograptus Dicaulograptus Dicellograptus Diceratograptus Dichograptus Dicranograptus Dictyonema Didymograptellus Didymograptus Dimorphograptoides Dimorphograptus Dinemagraptus Diplacanthograptus Diplograptus Diplohydra Kozlowski 1959 Rhabdopleuridae Discograptus Wiman 1901 Cyclograptidae Dithecodendrum Diversograptus Dyadograptus Obut 1960 Cyclograptidae Eisenackograptus Ellesicrusta Kozlowski 1962 Wimanicrustidae Eoglyptograptus Eorhabdopleura Kozlowski 1970 Rhabdopleuridae Epigraptus Eisenack 1941 Rhabdopleuridae Erecticamara Mierzejewski 2000 Cysticamaridae Euclimacograptus Exigraptus Fasciculitubus Obut & Sobolevskaya 1967 Rhabdopleuridae Flexicollicamara Kozlowski 1948 Cysticamaridae Galeograptus Wiman 1901 Cyclograptidae Geitonograptus Geniculograptus Glossograptus Glyptograptus Goniograptus Gothograptus Graptoblastoides Kozlowski 1949 Wimanicrustidae Graptoblastus Kozlowski 1949 Wimanicrustidae Graptocamara Kozlowski 1948 Cysticamaridae Graptolodendrum Graptovermis Kozlowski 1949 Rhabdopleuridae Gymnograptus Haliolophus Sars 1868 Rhabdopleuridae Hallograptus Haplograptus Ruedemann 1933 Rhabdopleuridae Hirsutograptus Holmicrusta Kozlowski 1962 Wimanicrustidae Holmograptus Holograptus Holoretiolites Hormograptus Öpik 1930 Wimanicrustidae Hunnegraptus Hustedograptus Idiotubus Kozlowski 1949 Rhabdopleuridae Isograptus Janograptus Joamgsjamotes Kalpinograptus Karasidendrum Sennikov 1998 Dithecodendridae Kiaerograptus Kinnegraptus Kystodendron Kozlowski 1959 Rhabdopleuridae Koremagraptus Bulman 1927 Acanthograptidae Kozlowskitubus Mierzejewski 1978 Cyclograptidae Lagarograptus Lagenohydra Kozlowski 1959 Rhabdopleuridae Lapworthicrusta Kozlowski 1962 Wimanicrustidae Lasiograptus Laxograptus Leptograptus Leveillites Licnograptus Limpidograptus Linograptus Lobograptus Loganograptus Lonchograptus Maeandrograptus Maenniligraptus Mierzejewski 1986b Wimanicrustidae Malongitubus Hu 2005 Rhabdopleuridae Marsipograptus Ruedemann 1936 Cyclograptidae Mastigograptus Mastigograptidae Melanostrophus Metabrograptus Metaclimacograptus Mimograptus Micrograptus Eisenack 1974 Mastigograptidae Monoclimacis Monograptus Multitubus Skevington 1963 Cyclograptidae Nanograptus Nemagraptus Neocolonograptus Neocucullograptus Neodicellograptus Neodiplograptus Neodiversograptus Neogothograptus Neolobograptus Neurograptus Nicholsonograptus Normalograptus Nymphograptus Oelandograptus Oncograptus Ophigraptus Orthograptus Orthoretiolites Oslograptus Ovetograptus Sdzuy 1974 Dithecodendridae Palaeokylix Eisenack 1932 Rhabdopleuridae Palaeodictyota Whitfield 1902 Acanthograptidae Palaeotuba Eisenack 1934 Rhabdopleuridae Palmatophycus Paraclimacograptus Paradelograptus Paraglossograptus Parakidograptus Paraorthograptus Parapetalolithis Paraplectograptus Paraplegmatograptus Pararetiograptus Paratemnograptus Parazygograptus Parvitubus Skevington 1963 Cyclograptidae Peiragraptus Pendeograptus Petalograptus Petalolithus Phormograptus Phyllograptus Pilograptus Pipiograptus Plectodinemagraptus Plectograptus Plegmatograptus Pleurograptus Polygonograptus Pribylograptus Pristiograptus Prolasiograptus Protodendrum Sennikov 1998 Dithecodendridae Pseudamplexograptus Pseudazygograptus Pseudisograptus Pseudobryograptus Pseudoclimacograptus Pseudodichograptus Pseudoglytograptus Pseudoisograptus Pseudomonoclimacis Pseudoplectograptus Pseudoplegmatograptus Pseudoretiolites Pseudorthograptus Pseudotrigonograptus Psigraptus Pterograptus Ptilograptus Ptiograptus Radiograptus Rastrites Reteograptus Reticulograptus Wiman 1901 Cyclograptidae Retiolites Reudemannicrusta Kozlowski 1962 Wimanicrustidae Rhabdinopora Rhabdopleurites Kozlowski 1967 Rhabdopleuridae Rhabdopleuroides Kozlowski 1961 Rhabdopleuridae Rhabdotubus Bengtson & Urbanek 1986 Rhabdopleuridae Rhiphidodendrum Kozlowski 1949 Cyclograptidae Rhaphidograptus Rodonograptus Počta 1894 Cyclograptidae Rivagraptus Ruedemannograptus Saetograptus Sagenograptus Schizograptus Semiplectograptus Siberiodendrum Obut 1964 Dithecodendridae Siberiograptus Obut 1964 Dithecodendridae Sigmagraptus Sinodiversograptus Sinograptus Sinoreteograptus Sinostomatograptus Siryngotaenia Skiagraptus Sokolovograptus Sotograptus Sdzuy 1974 Dithecodendridae Sphenoecium Chapman & Thomas 1936 Rhabdopleuridae Sphenothallus Chapman 1917 Rhabdopleuridae Spinograptus Staurograptus Stellatograptus Stolonodendrum Kozlowski 1949 Rhabdopleuridae Streptograptus Stromatograptus Sudburigraptus Syndyograptus Syringotaenia Obut 1953 Cysticamaridae Syrriphidograptus Poulsen 1924 Cyclograptidae Tangyagraptus Tarnagraptus Sdzuy 1974 Dithecodendridae Temnograptus Tetragraptus Salter 1863 Ordovician ~478–455 Ma Thallograptus Öpik 1928 Wimanicrustidae Thamnograptus Triaenograptus Trichograptus Triograptus Trochograptus Tubicamara Kozlowski 1949 Cysticamaridae Tubidendrum Koslowski 1949 Cyclograptidae Tylograptus Uncinatograptus Undulograptus Uralograptus Urbanekicrusta Urbanekograptus Mierzejewski 1985 Wimanicrustidae Wimanicrusta Kozlowski 1962 Wimanicrustidae Xenocyathus Eisenack 1982 Wimanicrustidae Xenotheca Eisenack 1937 Rhabdopleuridae Xiphograptus Yangzigraptus Yinograptus Yuknessia Walcott 1919 Rhabdopleuridae Yushanograptus Yutagraptus Zygograptus Diplospirograptus Ruedemann 1925 Acanthograptidae Hunanodendrum Mu et al. 1974 Acanthograptidae Inocaulis Hall 1851 Acanthograptidae Medusaegraptus Ruedemann 1925 Acanthograptidae Paracanthograptus Wang 1987 Acanthograptidae Boiophyton Obrhel 1959 Acanthograptidae Saxonia Roselt 1962 Acanthograptidae Trimerohydra Kozłowski 1959 Acanthograptidae Xylonograptus Sennikov 1976 Acanthograptidae

See also

• List of prehistoric brittle stars
• List of prehistoric sea cucumbers
• List of crinoid genera

References

• Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (GRAPTOLITHINA)". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Retrieved 2009-07-13.
• Maletz, Jörg (2014). "The classification of the Pterobranchia (Cephalodiscida and Graptolithina)". Bulletin of Geosciences. 89 (3): 477–540. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1465. ISSN 1214-1119.