List of South American animals extinct in the Holocene
This is a list of extinct animals of South America. Animals that became extinct in the Holocene period in South America.
![](../I/m/South_America_(orthographic_projection).svg.png)
Map of South America
Mammals
Prehistoric mammal extinctions (beginning of the Holocene to 1500 C.E.)
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image|- |
---|---|---|---|
Antifer Antifer crassus |
11,000 BC |
Argentina, Brazil and Chile | -- |
Arctotherium Arctotherium sp. |
11,000 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Canis nehringi |
8,000 BC |
South America | -- |
Cuvieronius Cuvieronius sp. |
4,000 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Dire wolf Canis dirus |
11,000 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Ground sloths Catonyx Eremotherium Glossotherium Lestodon Megatherium Nematherium Nothrotherium Scelidotherium |
6,000 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Glyptodonts Doedicurus Eleutherocercus Glyptodon Hoplophorus Lomaphorus Panochthus |
11,000 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Hippidion |
10,000 BC |
South America | |
Macrauchenia Macrauchenia sp. |
10,000 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Neochoerus Neochoerus sp. |
10,000 BC |
South America | -- |
Notiomastodon Notiomastodon platensis |
10,000 BC |
South America | |
Smilodon Smilodon populator |
10,000 BC |
Northern South America | ![]() |
Stegomastodon Stegomastodon sp. |
10,000 BC |
South America | |
Stout-legged llama Palaeolama mirifica |
10,000 BC |
South America | -- |
Theriodictis Theriodictis sp. |
11,000 BC |
Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay | -- |
Toxodon Toxodon sp. |
16,500 BC |
South America | ![]() |
Xenorhinotherium Xenorhinotherium bahiensis |
10,000 BC |
Brazil and Venezuela | -- |
Recent mammal extinctions (1500 C.E. to the present)
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Candango mouse Juscelinomys candango[1] |
1960 |
Brazil | -- |
Caribbean monk seal Monachus tropicalis[2] |
1952 |
Caribbean Sea | ![]() |
Darwin's Galapagos mouse Nesoryzomys darwini[3] |
1929 |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | -- |
Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis[4] |
1876 |
United Kingdom (Falkland Islands) | ![]() |
Galápagos giant rat Megaoryzomys curioi[5] |
unknown |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | |
Indefatigable Galapagos mouse Nesoryzomys indefessus[6] |
1930s |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | -- |
Giant vampire bat Desmodus draculae [7] |
unknown |
Bolivia, Brazil and Venezuela | |
Peruvian viscacha Lagostomus crassus[8] |
before 1910 |
Peru | -- |
Red-bellied gracile opossum Cryptonanus ignitus[9] |
1962 |
Argentina | -- |
Vespucci's rodent Noronhomys vespuccii[10] |
1503? |
Brazil | -- |
Possibly extinct mammals
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
One-striped opossum Monodelphis unistriata) [11] |
1899 |
Argentina & Brazil | -- |
Pacific degu Octodon pacificus[12] |
1994 |
Mocha Island, Chile | -- |
Zuniga's dark rice rat Melanomys zunigae [13] |
1942 |
Peru | -- |
Birds
Recent bird extinctions (1500 C.E. to the present)
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Alejandro Selkirk Island firecrown Sephanoides fernandensis leyboldi |
1908 |
Chile | ![]() |
Colombian grebe Podiceps andinus |
1970 |
Colombia | -- |
Darwin's ground finch Geospiza magnirostris magnirostris |
1957 |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | -- |
Niceforo's pintail Anas georgica niceforoi |
1952 |
Colombia | -- |
San Cristóbal vermilion flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus dubius |
1980s |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | -- |
Red-throated wood-rail Aramides gutturalis |
1843 |
Peru | ![]() |
Possibly extinct birds
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Antioquia brush finch Atlapetes blancae |
1971 |
Colombia | -- |
Bogota sunangel Heliangelus zusii |
1907 |
Colombia | -- |
Northern curlew Numenius borealis |
1939 (South America), 1962 (North America) |
Brazil,
Argentina, Perú and Chile. |
![]() |
Glaucous macaw Anodorhynchus glaucus |
1960s |
Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay | ![]() |
Hooded seedeater Sporophila melanops |
1823 |
Brazil | -- |
Letitia's thorntail Discosura letitiae |
1852 |
Bolivia | ![]() |
Turquoise-throated puffleg Eriocnemis godini |
1850 |
Colombia and Ecuador | ![]() |
Amphibians
Recent amphibian extinctions (1500 C.E. to the present)
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Atelopus vogli[14] | 1933 |
Venezuela | -- |
Spiny-knee leaf frog Phrynomedusa fimbriata[15] |
1920s |
Brazil | -- |
Possibly extinct amphibians
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Chile Darwin's frog Rhinoderma rufum[16] |
1980 |
Chile | -- |
Reptiles
Recent reptile extinctions (1500 C.E. to the present)
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Charles Island tortoise Chelonoidis nigra[17] |
1850 |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | ![]() |
Pinta Island tortoise Chelonoidis abingdonii[18] |
June 24, 2012 |
Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) | ![]() |
Fish
Recent fish extinctions (1500 C.E. to the present)
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Greasefish Rhizosomichthys totae[19] |
unknown |
Colombia | -- |
Titicaca orestias Orestias cuvieri[20] |
1930s |
Lake Titicaca, Bolivia and Peru | ![]() |
Mollusks
Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Biotocus turbinatus |
unknown |
Brazil | ![]() |
Digerus gibberulus |
unknown |
Brazil | -- |
Littoridina gaudichaudii |
1933 |
Ecuador | ![]() |
Megalobulimus cardosoi |
unknown |
Brazil | -- |
Worms
- Rhinodrilus fafner
1912, Brazil
Insects
- Megadytes ducalis[21]
unknown, Brazil - Rhantus orbignyi[22]
unknown, Argentina and Brazil
gollark: > yes, but sql queries are very fast and well-optimised for that reasonIt's quite easy to foolishly run them sequentially, and then you have to deal with a ton of latency from connecting to your database.
gollark: Although what you can do nowadays is package it as a webview thing (not electron, there are saner things to use the system webview like this: https://crates.io/crates/web_view) and have a bit of native code for the out-of-sandbox parts. Although you drop some nice things that way.
gollark: Also, the sandboxing *can* make it not work for some applications.
gollark: There are obviously problems like compatibility across browsers, having to write typically nonzero amounts of JS, and some amount of weirdness.
gollark: You can load and run your applications on basically any modern platform with no install step, they can easily connect to your backend, webapps are well-sandboxed, it has *very* nice rendering/UI capabilities, and you can run code in basically whatever language you want via WASM (although it may be slow).
See also
- List of North American animals extinct in the Holocene
- List of extinct animals
- List of extinct birds
- Extinct in the wild
- Lazarus taxon
References
- Leite, Y. & Patterson, B. (2008). "Juscelinomys candango (Candango Mouse)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Kovacs, K. (2008). "Monachus tropicalis (Caribbean Monk Seal, West Indian Monk Seal, West Indian Seal)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tirira, D.; Dowler, R.; Boada, C. & Weksler, M. (2008). "Nesoryzomys darwini (Darwin's Galapagos Mouse)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- IUCN SSC Canid Specialist Group (2008). "Dusicyon australis (Falkland Island Wolf, Falklands Wolf)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Weksler, M. & Tirira, D. (2008). "Megaoryzomys curioi (Galapágos Giant Rat)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2014.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tirira, D.; Dowler, R.; Boada, C. & Weksler, M. (2008). "Nesoryzomys indefessus (Indefatigable Galapagos Mouse)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Turvey, S. (2008). "Desmodus draculae (Giant Vampire Bat)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Amori, G. & Schipper, J. (2008). "Lagostomus crassus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Diaz M. & Barquez, R. (2008). "\Cryptonanus ignitus (Red-bellied Gracile Mouse Opossum, Red-bellied Gracile Opossum)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Weksler, M. & Costa, L. (2008). "Noronhomys vespuccii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Flores, D. & Teta, P. (1996). "Monodelphis unistriata (One-striped Opossum, One-striped Short-tailed Opossum, Single-striped Opossum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 20, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ojeda, R. & Bidau, C. (2008). "Octodon pacificus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Zeballos, H. & Vivar, E. (1996). "Melanomys zunigae (Zuniga's Dark Rice Rat)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 20, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Stefan Lötters; Enrique La Marca; Miguel Vences (2004). "54561". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004. Retrieved December 30, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Carlos Alberto Gonçalves da Cruz; Bruno Pimenta (2004). "Phrynomedusa fimbriata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004. Retrieved December 30, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Alberto Veloso; Herman Núñez; Helen Díaz-Paéz; Ramón Formas (2010). "Rhinoderma rufum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (1996). "Chelonoidis nigra ssp. nigra (Charles Island Tortoise)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 25, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (1996). "Chelonoidis nigra ssp. abingdoni (Abingdon Island Tortoise)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 25, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Rhizosomichthys totae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 29, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Orestias cuvieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 29, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Megadytes ducalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 25, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Rhantus orbignyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. Retrieved December 25, 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Bibliographies
- BirdLife International (2005) Species factsheet: Calyptura cristata. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 25/3/2006
- IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 24 March 2006.
- Maas, P.H.J. 2005. Rediscovered Animals. The Extinction Website. Downloaded from https://web.archive.org/web/20111013123736/http://extinct.petermaas.nl/ on 25/3/2006
External links
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