List of Portuguese inventions and discoveries

Arts & Entertainment

• Manueline, an art style of the early 16th century
• Neo-Manueline, a revival art style from the mid-19th century
• Soft Portuguese style, is an architectural model adopted mainly by public buildings
• Pombaline style, an architectural style of the 18th century
• Portuguese colonial architecture, a collection of styles of architecture that the Portuguese built across the Portuguese Empire
• Visigothic art and architecture, architecture and art styles of the Iberian Visigoths in the 5th century
• Azulejo, a form of painted tin-glazed ceramic tilework
• Portuguese pavement, a traditional-style pavement used in pedestrian areas
• Adufe, a square tambourine
• Ukulele, string instrumental developed by Portuguese immigrants in Hawaii
• Gaita transmontana, a type of Portuguese bagpipe
• Galician gaita, a type of Portuguese and Galician bagpipe.
• Portuguese guitar, a plucked string instrument with twelve steel strings
• Rabeca chuleira, a three-string fiddle
• Cavaquinho, a small string instrument that originated the Ukulele
• Machete, a small string instrument from Madeira
• Viola braguesa, a ten-string instrument
• Viola campaniça, a ten steel string guitar
• Viola amarantina, a ten string guitar with two heart-shaped frontal openings
• Viola toeira, a twelve string guitar

Food and Cooking

• Presunto ibérico, a type of cured ham
• Portuguese cuisine
• Enchidos, a variety of cured, dry sausages
• Alheira, a type of sausage made with meats other than pork (usually veal, duck, chicken, quail or rabbit) and bread
• São Jorge cheese, a type of semi-hard to hard cheese
• Castelo Branco cheese, type of goat cheese
• Serra da Estrela cheese, a type of ewes cheese
• Port wine, a type of fortified wine
• Moscatel, a type of fortified wine
• Madeira wine, a type of fortified wine
• Jeropiga, a type of fortified white wine
• Vinho Verde, a type of white wine fermented using young grapes
• Pastel de nata, an egg tart pastry
• Tempura, a Japanese dish introduced to Japan by Portuguese Jesuit missionaries
• Marmalade, a type of fruit preserve
• Churros, a type of fried-dough pastry brought by the Portuguese from China

Nautical Science

• Carrack, a three- or four-masted sailing ship
• Caravel, a small, highly maneuverable sailing ship
• Square-rigged caravel, a sailing ship
• Nonius, a system for taking fine measurements on the astrolabe
• Mariner's astrolabe, an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship
• Portuguese nautical cartography, a compendium of navigational and geographic maps
• Cantino planisphere, the earliest extant nautical chart where places are depicted according to their astronomically observed latitudes
• School of Sagres, first court of navigation founded in Sagres
• Chip log, a navigation tool mariners use to estimate the speed of a vessel through water
• Volta do mar, a navigation technique that exploits trade winds to move across the sea

Weaponry

• Carracks black sword, a type of sword designed to be used by soldiers and sailors in ships and caravels
• Dilagrama m/65, a grenade adapter that fits the barrel of the G3
• FBP submachine gun, a 9 mm submachine gun
• Mauser–Vergueiro, a bolt-action rifle
• Lusa submachine gun, a compact 9×19mm Parabellum submachine gun
• Bravia Chaimite, an armored vehicle with all wheel drive axles
• M1940 helmet, a combat helmet

Science and Technology

• Familial amyloidotic neuropathy, a group of autosomal dominant diseases of the nervous system first described by Corino Andrade
• Circulatory system, Amato Lusitano discovered the circulation of the blood and the function of valves
• Cerebral angiography, developed by António Egas Moniz
• Lobotomy, pioneered by António Egas Moniz
• Tropical medicine, pioneered by Garcia de Orta
• Pyreliophorus, solar oven
• Prepaid Mobile Phone, a mobile phone for which credit is purchased in advance of service use
• Multibanco, an interbank network with a wide range of services that can be utilised through its machines
• All-on-4, a dental technique for total rehabilitation of the edentulous patient
• Via Verde, an electronic toll collection system
• Coloradd, a sign code for aiding colour blind people to recognise colours
• Passarola, a type of lighter-than-air airship, the predecessor of air balloon
• Artificial horizon sextant, an airship device to measure the distance between the horizon line and celestial bodies
• Microphone Windshield[1]
• Electric wheelchair elevator[2]
• Electronic cane for the blind[3]
• Electrovisor, a tactile system for the blind to perceive images[4]
• BASIL, vibratory system for deaf people to perceive sounds[5]
• COPASI, software application for creating and solving mathematical models of biological processes
• Eslicarbazepine acetate, anticonvulsant medication
• Deaf-mute language, pioneered by Jacob Rodrigues Pereira

Literature

• Heteronym, a literary concept in which one or several imaginary character(s) are created by a writer to write in different styles
• Ultra-Romanticism, a literary movement derived from the Romanticism that took place on the second half of the 19th century

References

1. Filipe, Jaime - "As bolas de vento para microfones, nasceram em Portugal". Inventiva n.º 33. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade. Março de 1981.
2. Boletim Informativo Inventiva n.º 1. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade, Dezembro de 1984.
3. Boletim Informativo Inventiva n.º 7. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade.
4. Filipe, Jaime - "Dar vista aos cegos". Inventiva. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade. Outubro de 1977.
5. Boletim Informativo Inventiva n.º 6. Associação Portuguesa de Criatividade. 1986.