List of Italian concentration camps

Italian concentration camps include camps from the Italian colonial wars in Africa as well as camps for the civilian population from areas occupied by Italy during World War II. Memory of both camps were subjected to "historical amnesia". The repression of memory led to historical revisionism in Italy[1] and in 2003 the Italian media published Silvio Berlusconi's statement that Benito Mussolini only "used to send people on vacation".[2][3]

Colonial wars
See also: Italian concentration camps in Libya
Name of the camp Location of camp Present-day country Date of establishment Date of disestablishment Estimated number of prisoners Estimated number of deaths
Nocra Nocra Eritrea 1930s 1941    
Abyar Abyar Libya 1930 1933 3,123[4]  
Agedabia Ajdabiya Libya 1930 1933 10,000[4]  
El Agheila El Agheila Libya 1930 1933 10,900[4]  
Marsa Brega Brega Libya 1930 1933 21,117[4]  
Sid Ahmed el Maghrun El Magrun Libya 1930 1933 13,050[4]  
Soluch Suluq Libya 1930 1933 20,123[4]  
Danane Mogadishu Somalia 1935 1941 6,000[4] 3,175[5]

World War II
Name of the camp Location of locality Present-day country Date of establishment Date of disestablishment Estimated number of prisoners Estimated number of deaths
Bakar Bakar Croatia 31 December 1942 1 July 1943 893[6]  
Bolzano South Tyrol September 8, 1943 April 29 and May 3, 1945 11,000  
Campagna Salerno 15 June 1940 19 September 1943    
Chiesanuova Padua June 1942      
Ferramonti di Tarsia Cosenza summer 1940 4 September 1943 3,800  
Giado Jadu, Libya Libya January 1942 24 January 1943 3,146[7] 562
Gonars Palmanova March 1942 8 September 1943 7,000 453; >500
Mamula Mamula island Montenegro 30 May 1942 14 September 1943 2,322 130
Monigo Treviso 1 July 1942 May 1945 10,000 187-225
Molat Molat island Croatia 28 June 1942 8 September 1943 20,000[8] c. 1,000[8]
Rab, separate camps for Slovenes/Croats and Jews Rab (Arbe) island Croatia July 1942 11 September 1943 10,000; 15,000 2,000; >3,500; 4,000
Renicci di Anghiari Arezzo October 1942      
Risiera di San Sabba[9] Trieste October 1943 April 1945 > 11,500 4,000–5,000[10]
Visco Palmanova winter 1942      
Zlarin Zlarin Croatia March 1943 June 1943 2.500 26
Campo di Fossoli Carpi May 1942 March 1944    
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References
  1. Alessandra Kersevan 2008: (Editor) Foibe – Revisionismo di stato e amnesie della repubblica. Kappa Vu. Udine.
  2. Survivors of war camp lament Italy's amnesia, 2003, International Herald Tribune
  3. Di Sante, Costantino (2005) Italiani senza onore: I crimini in Jugoslavia e i processi negati (1941–1951), Ombre Corte, Milano. (Archived by WebCite®)
  4. Michael R. Ebner. Geoff Simons. Ordinary Violence in Mussolini's Italy. New York, New York, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2011. P. 261.
  5. Donatella Strangio. The Reasons for Underdevelopment: The Case of Decolonisation in Somaliland. Springer, 2012. P. 5.
  6. Bakar concentration camp, Online Research project
  7. Maurice M. Roumani: The Jews of Libya. Sussex Academic Press 2007, ISBN 978-1-84519-137-5, p 34.
  8. Bašić 2008, pp. 196.
  9. "English - Risiera di San Sabba – Monumento Nazionale – Comune di Trieste". risierasansabba.it. Archived from the original on 2014-02-03.
  10. "Trieste ebraica » La Risiera di San Sabba". moked.it.
  • campifascisti.it, Online Research project
  • "The Last Witnesses", 2013 Exhibition at National Museum for Contemporary History (Slovenia) documenting photos and interviews with survivors
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