Lilian Franklin

Lilian Annie Margueretta Franklin OBE (1882 – 8 January 1955) was the British commanding officer of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY) until 1932. She took the organisation of six volunteers to organise hospitals and nursing stations in France and Belgium in the First World War. In 1916 the British Army agreed that it too could use the FANY's support and Franklin was the first driver and in command. She left the FANY in 1932.

Lilian Franklin
Born
Lilian Annie Margueretta Franklin

1882
Died8 January 1955
Horsham
NationalityUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Known forCommandant of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry
SuccessorMary Baxter Ellis

Life

Franklin's birth day is not known but she lived for a time at Hook, Surrey. Her parents were William and Louisa and she had a brother.[1]

The FANY was formed to both rescue the wounded and to administer first aid from horseback.[2][3] Their founder felt that a single rider could get to a wounded soldier faster than a horse-drawn ambulance.[4][5] Each woman was trained not only in first aid but signalling and drilling in cavalry movements.[6] The organisation was troubled and Mabel St Clair Stobart formed the rival Women's Sick and Wounded Convoy Corps in 1910. Only six women were to remain in the FANY and Lilian Franklin was one of them.[1]

At the start of 1912 she was a second lieutenant, and she and Sergeant-Major Ashley-Smith won a power struggle with the FANY founder Edward Baker and his daughter, Katie.[7] In 1912 the FANY uniform became a khaki tunic, khaki riding skirt and later a khaki soft cap. Franklin and Ashley-Smith were in charge; before the First World War started in 1914, Franklin and Ashley-Smith are credited with reinventing the FANY after the disagreement with the founders had been settled.[7]

First World War
Franklin with the FANY in Calais in 1917

In 1914, the FANY offered their service to the War Office, but they were ignored despite a recommendation from the surgeon-general. They could have stood back but they were determined and they offered their service to the French and the Belgians and they would run casualty stations and hospitals for them. In 1916, the British Army changed its mind and they decided that they could use the FANY. On New Year's Day, Franklin was in command and she was the first woman driver in the British army as a convoy was formed at Calais.[1]

After the war

Mary Baxter Ellis was leading the Northumberland section in 1928 and she took over from Franklin in 1932.[8]

Franklin died in Horsham.

Honours

In 1917 Franklin was mentioned in dispatches. She was awarded the MBE in 1918[1] and the OBE in 1933.

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References
  1. "Franklin, Lilian Annie Margueretta (1882–1955), commanding officer of the FANY". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/70513. Retrieved 2020-05-22.
  2. Lee (2012), p. 30.
  3. Money Barnes, R. (1963). The Soldiers of London. Seeley, Service & Co. pp. 266–267.
  4. Lee (2012), p. 32–33.
  5. Noakes, Lucy (2006). Women in the British Army: War and the Gentle Sex, 1907–1948. Routledge. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-0-41539-057-6.
  6. Lee (2012), p. 33–34.
  7. Terry, Roy. "McDougall, Grace Alexandra (1887–1963)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/59610. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  8. "Ellis, Mary Baxter (1892–1968), commanding officer of the FANY". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/70523. Retrieved 2020-05-21.

Bibliography
  • Lee, Janet (2012). War Girls: the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry in the First World War. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-71906-712-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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