Leptopilina

Leptopilina
	Leptopilina boulardii (Eucoilinae), a parasitoid of Drosophila
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Figitidae
Subfamily:	Eucoilinae
Genus:	Leptopilina; Förster, 1862[1]

Leptopilina is a genus of parasitoid wasp in the family Figitidae. The genus is best known for the three Drosophila parasitoids Leptopilina boulardi, Leptopilina heterotoma and Leptopilina clavipes, used to study host-parasite immune interactions. The venom released by L. heterotoma during oviposition contains virus-like particles that delay host larval development and suppress the host cellular immune response.[2][3] There is no evidence that these virus-like particles are the products of viral DNA as described in other parasitoid taxa, .[4]

References

Förster, A. 1862: Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Braconen. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereines preussischen Rheinlande und Westphalens 19: 225–288.
Rizki, R. M.; Rizki, T. M. (1990). "Parasitoid virus-like particles destroy Drosophila cellular immunity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 87 (21): 8388–8392. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.8388R. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.21.8388. PMC 54961. PMID 2122461.
Heavner, ME; Gueguen, G; Rajwani, R; Pagan, PE; Small, C; Govind, S (2013). "Partial venom gland transcriptome of a Drosophila parasitoid wasp, Leptopilina heterotoma, reveals novel and shared bioactive profiles with stinging Hymenoptera". Gene. 526 (21): 195–204. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.080. PMC 3905606. PMID 23688557.
Herniou, Elisabeth A.; Huguet, Elisabeth; Thézé, Julien; Bézier, Annie; Periquet, Georges; Drezen, Jean-Michel (2013). "When parasitic wasps hijacked viruses: genomic and functional evolution of polydnaviruses". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 368 (1626): 20130051. doi:10.1098/rstb.2013.0051. PMC 3758193. PMID 23938758.

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[1] Förster, A. 1862: Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Braconen. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereines preussischen Rheinlande und Westphalens 19: 225–288.

[Rizki_&_Rizki,_1990-2] Rizki, R. M.; Rizki, T. M. (1990). "Parasitoid virus-like particles destroy Drosophila cellular immunity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 87 (21): 8388–8392. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.8388R. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.21.8388. PMC 54961. PMID 2122461.

[Heavner_et_al.,_2013-3] Heavner, ME; Gueguen, G; Rajwani, R; Pagan, PE; Small, C; Govind, S (2013). "Partial venom gland transcriptome of a Drosophila parasitoid wasp, Leptopilina heterotoma, reveals novel and shared bioactive profiles with stinging Hymenoptera". Gene. 526 (21): 195–204. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.080. PMC 3905606. PMID 23688557.

[Herniou_et_al.,_2013-4] Herniou, Elisabeth A.; Huguet, Elisabeth; Thézé, Julien; Bézier, Annie; Periquet, Georges; Drezen, Jean-Michel (2013). "When parasitic wasps hijacked viruses: genomic and functional evolution of polydnaviruses". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 368 (1626): 20130051. doi:10.1098/rstb.2013.0051. PMC 3758193. PMID 23938758.