Kuryu Rakusen-en Sanatorium
Kuryū Rakusen-en Sanatorium, or National Sanatorium Kuryū Rakusen-en is a sanatorium for leprosy or ex-leprosy patients situated at Kusatsu-machi, Azuma-gun, Gunma Prefecture, Japan which started in 1932.
| National Sanatorium Kuryū Rakusen-en | |
|---|---|
| |
| Geography | |
| Location | 647, Kusatsu Otsu Kusatsu, Gunma, Japan |
| Organisation | |
| Care system | HealthCare of those who had leprosy |
| Type | National hospital run by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) |
| Services | |
| History | |
| Opened | 1932 |
| Links | |
| Website | http://www.hosp.go.jp/~kuryu/index.html |
| Lists | Hospitals in Japan |
History
Pre-Rakusen-en days
- 1869:There was a big fire in the Kusatsu Hot Spring. Later, a publicity book "Kusatsu Onsen Shi(Kusatsu Hot Spring is good for health) circulated and by and by leprosy patients gathered around Kusatsu.
- 1888:Erwin Bälz wrote that after studying Kusatsu Hot Spring, Japanese hot springs should be used for health purposes.
- 1907:Bertrand met opposition to his plan of building a hospital in Kusatsu.
- 1913:Hannah Riddell sent Missionary Yonehara to Kusatsu.
- 1914:Koenkai(Light and salt society), a Christian group was formed in Kusatsu.
Mary Cornwall-Legh
- 1915: Mary Cornwall-Legh inspected Kusatsu.
- 1916: Mary Cornwall-Legh started the Barnabas' mission.
- 1917: St. Barnabas' Hospital started with Dr. Kesa Hattori and Nurse Chiyo Mikami.
- 1924:Suzuran Hospital was started by Kesa Hattori and Chiyo Mikami but soon closed by the death of Hattori.
- 1929:St.Barnaba Hospital was renewed (Dr. Ichiro Tsuruta).
- 1930:The population of Yunosawa Community was 817, one third of Kusatsu.
Kusatsu Rakusen-en Sanatorium
- 1932: Kusatsu Rakusen-en Sanatorium started (Director: Yoshiichi Furumi)
- 1938: Special prison "Juukanbou" Kusatsu Special Prison, was built within the sanatorium.
- 1941:St.Barnaba Hospital was closed. 44 patients were transferred to Kusatsu Rakusen-en.
- 1947: The cruel condition of the special prison was spotlighted. The director was suspended from office.
- Apr 1996:The 1953 Leprosy Prevention Law was abolished.
- Jul 1998: The trial for compensation started.
- May 11, 2001: The trial for compensation ruled that the previous Leprosy Prevention was unconstitutional.
- May 25, 2001: The trial for compensation was confirmed. The compensation of 8,000,000 yen to 14,000,000 yen was given to patients depending on the duration of unconstitutional periods.
Number of In-patients
The number of in-patients is the sum of patients which changed not only by the newly diagnosed hospitalized and those who died among in-patients, by other factors such as the number of patients who escaped or were discharged, depending on the condition of the times. Recently they were encouraged to be discharged, but the long period of the segregation policy causing leprosy stigma might influence the number of those who went into the society.
| Year | Number of in-patients |
|---|---|
| 1945 | 1314 |
| 1950 | 1040 |
| 1955 | 1064 |
| 1960 | 994 |
| 1965 | 911 |
| 1970 | 811 |
| 1975 | 777 |
| 1980 | 689 |
| 1985 | 580 |
| 1990 | 477 |
| 1995 | 401 |
| 1999 | 309 |
| Year | Number of in-patients |
|---|---|
| 2003 | 251 |
| 2004 | 236 |
| 2005 | 223 |
| 2006 | 200 |
| 2007 | 186 |
| 2008 | 169 |
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References
- Fusetsu-no-mon (1982), the 50-year history of leprosy patients at Kuryu Rakusen-en Sanatorium, edited by Kuryu-Rakusen-en Jichikai(patients' organization). in Japanese.
- Kindai-shomin-seikatu-shi (1995) The 60 years of Yunosawa Community, by Kiyoshi Shimosaki, Ken Inoue, (first : Repura 12,6).
Notes
- Fukken Eno Jitsugetsu (2001), Koyo Shuppansha, Tokyo, p375
- http://www.eonet.ne.jp/~libell/main.html 2009.12.24
See also
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