Kopkamtib

Kopkamtib (Indonesian: Komando Operasi Pemulihan Keamanan dan Ketertiban or "Operational Command for the Restoration of Security and Order", was a secret police operation in Indonesia's "New Order" that continued issues arising from the transition to the New Order.

Origins of Kopkamtib

Following the killing of 6 top generals and failed "coup attempt", the surviving general, Suharto, accepted President Sukarno's order to take control of the army. Suharto's condition was that he be handed full authority to restore order and security, an arrangement that was formalised by creating Kopkamtib.[1]

The conflict between the forces of the military and their rivals the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), had predated the setting up of the organisation. The formation of Kopkamtib was a legitimisation of military and the New Order governments determination to organise the liquidation of the PKI and its related organisations.

By 1968 the PKI was no longer seen as a credible threat to military power, Kopkamtib's role as the New Order's main security apparatus remained, as did its surveillance of citizens.[2] Kopkamtib played and important role in ensuring Golkar victory in the 1971 general elections. The organisation screened candidates and disqualifying about 20 per cent for political reasons.[2]

Later and post Suharto era

In September 1988, Suharto closed down the organisation. The succeeding organisation was Badan Koordinasi Bantuan Pemantapan Stabilitas Nasional /Bakorstanas which lasted until March 2000, when it was dismantled by the government of the Reform era.

Deputy Commanders were also known as Chief of Staff of the organisation [3]

Commanders

Position	Name	Year	Year
Commander	General Suharto	5 October 1965	19 November 1969
Commander	General Maraden Panggabean	19 November 1969	27 March 1973
Commander	General Sumitro[4]	27 March 1973 [5][6]	28 January 1974
Commander	General Suharto	28 January 1974	17 April 1978
Commander	Admiral R. Sudomo	17 April 1978	29 March 1983
Commander	General Leonardus Benjamin Moerdani	29 March 1983	5 September 1988

Chiefs of Staff/ Deputy Commanders

Position	Name	years
Deputy Commander	General Sumitro	1969 to 1971
Deputy Commander	Admiral R. Sudomo	1973 to 1978
Deputy Commander	Major General Daryatmo	1978 [7]
Deputy Commander	General Yoga Soegama	1978 to 1980
Deputy Commander	General Wijoyo Suyono	1980 to 1982

gollark: I think you could probably make it work okay either by, as they suggested, segmenting anime-looking stuff, or creating synthetic screen-y images which either contain anime things somewhere or don't.

gollark: The issue isn't competing standards, really.

gollark: All we can do is watch as our ridiculously fast computers and networks grow ever slower with stacked layers of ridiculous hacks, as dependencies accrete and bizarre increasingly convoluted security problems come with them.

gollark: It could have been controlled, once. But now it's impossible to replace the decades upon decades of legacy design decisions.

gollark: Also networking.

Notes

Ricklefs (1991), p. 287.
Ricklefs (1991), p. 296.
Dijk, Kees van, (2001) A country in despair : Indonesia between 1997 and 2000 Leiden : KITLV Press. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde ; 186. ISBN 90-6718-160-9. - Appendix D - 'Some key military functions since the 1980s p. 553
McDonald (1980), p. 134
McDonald |(1980), p. 134
See also Ali Murtopo regarding their rivalry
See Third Development Cabinet for his resignation of this position

References

McDonald, Hamish (1980). Suharto's Indonesia. Melbourne: Fontana. ISBN 0-00-635721-0.
Ricklefs, M. C. (1991). A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1300, Second Edition. MacMillan. ISBN 0-333-57690-X.