Knik River
The Knik River /kˈnɪk/ is a 25-mile-long (40 km) river in the U.S. state of Alaska. Its source is at Knik Glacier, from which it flows northwest and west and empties into the head of Cook Inlet's Knik Arm, near the mouth of the Matanuska River. It is bridged twice (old and new bridges) where the Old Glenn Highway crosses it near the Butte,[1] and also bridged on the Hayflats.
| Knik River | |
|---|---|
 Railroad bridge on Knik River, from the Glenn Highway | |
 | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Knik Glacier |
| • coordinates | 61°24′25″N 148°34′00″W |
| • elevation | 400 ft (120 m) drop |
| Mouth | |
• location | Cook Inlet, at Anchorage / Matanuska-Susitna Borough |
| Length | 25 miles (40 km) |
| Discharge | |
| • average | 1,500–60,000 cu ft/s (42–1,699 m3/s) |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Hunter Creek, Goat Creek, Eklutna Tailrace |
| • right | Metal creek, Friday Creek, Jim Creek, Bodenburg Creek |
It is characterized by a broad flat plain with a bed of finely ground gravel and sand and silt. During windstorms, large quantities of fine material is blown from the riverbed and deposited in locations generally downstream or west. The river itself is relatively shallow and wide and considered a class I float. It drops about 400 feet (120 m) from the glacier to the salt water, or roughly 16 feet (4.9 m) per mile. The 4 miles (6.4 km) above the hayflats bridge is unusual in that it remains unfrozen most winters because the eklutna project discharges warmer water into the tailrace. Discharge normally is about 5000 to 6000 ft3/s in the summer (140 to 170 m3/s), with floods of 60,000cfs or more not uncommon.[2]
The term "knik," present in the names of the river, the arm of Cook Inlet, and the glacier, as well as the communities of Knik-Fairview and Knik River, derives from the Inupiaq word igniq ("fire"). The Denaina term for the Knik river was "Skitnu", (meaning Brush River) though this is now archaic, and not commonly used.
The river runs near the border between the Matanuska-Susitna Borough and the Municipality of Anchorage. Much of its length is paralleled by the paved Old Glenn Highway and the paved (as of 2000) Knik River Road, along which can be found the community of Knik River.
See also
References
- National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Alaska Earthquake (1968). The great Alaska earthquake of 1964. National Academies. p. 994. NAP:12981. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- T. C. Fuglestad; Alaska. Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys; Alaska Railroad Corporation (1986). The Alaska Railroad between Anchorage and Fairbanks: guidebook to permafrost and engineering problems. State of Alaska, Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys in cooperation with Alaska Railroad Corporation. Retrieved 29 April 2012.