Kitty Kiernan

Catherine Brigid Kiernan (26 January 1893–25 July 1945) was an Irish woman widely known as the fiancée of Irish revolutionary leader and Chairman of the Provisional Government, Michael Collins.

Early life

Catherine Bridget ‘Kitty’ Kiernan was born on 26 January 1893 in Granard, County Longford to Peter Kiernan and Bridget née Dawson[1]. She was educated at Loreto Convent, County Wicklow.[2] Hers was a very comfortably-off merchant family with five sisters and one brother. Her parents enjoyed a happy marriage, and life in the Kiernan home was joyous until Kitty reached her teens. On 27 November 1907 her sister, Elizabeth Mary (a twin), died aged eighteen of pulmonary tuberculosis[3], while Elizabeth’s twin sister, Rose, would seem to have died the same year in Davos, Switzerland[4]–which would also indicate tuberculosis as a cause of death. Her mother Bridget died on 29 November 1908 of apoplexy,[5] while her father, Peter, died almost exactly a year later, on 9 November 1909, of pneumonia.[6] The Kiernan family owned the Greville Arms Hotel in the town, as well as a grocery shop, a hardware store, a timber and undertaking business and also a bar. Around the corner from the hotel they operated a bakery which supplied the town and most of the surrounding countryside. All the family worked in one capacity or another.

Relationship with Michael Collins

Michael Collins, one of the principal founders of the independent Irish state, was introduced to the vivacious Kiernan sisters by his cousin Gearóid O'Sullivan, who was already dating Maud Kiernan. Collins initially fell for the captivating Helen Kiernan, but she was already engaged to someone else. He then turned his interests to Kitty, who had already captured the interest of Collins' friend Harry Boland. However, it was Collins to whom Kitty became engaged, with plans to marry Collins in a November 1922 double ceremony to include the nuptials of Maud and Gearóid. Collins' death four months earlier resulted in a single wedding taking place.

Later life and death

On 10 June 1925[7], Kitty married Felix Cronin, who was Quartermaster General in the Irish Army. They had two children, their first born son, Felix (d. 21 November 1989), while their second son was named Michael Collins Cronin.[8] Felix, together with his son Rex (d. 25 November 1986, aged 23), are interred with his parents Kitty and Felix in Glasnevin Cemetery.

Kitty died, aged 52, of a cerebral hemorrhage on 24 July 1945[9], and her grave is close to that of Collins. Felix Cronin died suddenly on 22 October 1961[10] while playing golf at Woodbrook Golf Club and is also buried in Glasnevin.

Bright’s Disease

Several sources, including this Wikipedia entry (prior to this iteration) for example, the Glasnevin Trust and a 1996 piece from the Irish Times entitled ‘Life after Mick’, state that Kitty Kiernan plus several of her siblings died of Bright's disease – what we would class today as chronic nephritis. Her sisters Maud (2 October 1895[11]–28 October 1940[12]) who married Gearóid O'Sullivan on 18 October 1922[13] and Helena Josephine (22 September 1894[14]–28 May 1940[15] who married solicitor Paul McGovern on 5 October 1921[16] both have chronic nephritis registered as their cause of death. While the cause of death for Kitty is registered as a cerebral hemorrhage, the suggestion is that she suffered from ill-health for several years before her death. Bright's disease may very conceivably have been the underlying cause.

Her only brother, Laurence Dawson Kiernan (22 Jan 1892[17]–22 December 1948[18], of the Greville Arms Hotel, died of cirrhosis of the liver.

Her twin sisters, Lizzie and Rose, both died in 1907 of tuberculosis–one in Granard and one in Switzerland.

To date this editor has no information for her sister Christina Margaret (b. 9 December 1890)[19]

Correspondence

Kitty Kiernan and Michael Collins kept up a lengthy correspondence and while Collins was in London during the Treaty negotiations, he wrote to her every day. These letters are the subject of a book written by Leon O'Broin entitled "In Great Haste". Kitty's worst fears were realized when Collins was killed in action at the age of 31 near Béal na Bláth, County Cork, on 22 August 1922.

In 2000, some of the 300 letters sent by Kiernan and Collins to each other went on permanent display at the Cork Public Museum. These letters give a great insight into Kitty's attitude to life and into the political events of this time.

Former Fine Gael minister Peter Barry donated his collection of historic letters to the Lord Mayor of Cork, on behalf of the municipal museum. The collection, purchased from the Cronin family in 1995, was conserved at the Delmas bindery at Marsh's Library in Dublin: the letters were also catalogued and then returned to the Cork Public Museum. The Peter Barry collection contains letters from Harry Boland, a friend of Collins and former suitor of Kitty Kiernan.

There are also a number of letters to Collins from various individuals and to Kiernan from others. The bulk of the letters between Collins and Kiernan were written between 1919 and 1922, and through their almost daily contact emerges a picture of the dreams and aspirations of the man often called Ireland's "lost leader" and the woman with whom he wanted to share a "normal" life.

"Their correspondence represents a unique and revealing portrait of a remarkable man and an ordinary woman made extraordinary by tragic circumstances," said a museum spokesperson.

In the 1996 film Michael Collins Kitty Kiernan was played by American actress Julia Roberts[20][21] though some reviewers were critical of the character's development.[22]

A number of Irish pubs are named in memory of Kitty Kiernan, such as one in Donnycarney, Dublin,[23] Waterford,[24] in the Bay Ridge section of Brooklyn and New York.[25] A similar pub in Linz, Austria[26] was closed in 2009.[27]

gollark: S E K U R
gollark: What is a "self-verifing sandbox" exactly...?
gollark: Well, send me the code.
gollark: I see.
gollark: Continue.

References
  1. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/marriage_returns/marriages_1886/10852/5962376.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. Broderick, Marian (2004). Wild Irish Women: Extraordinary Lives from History. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 88. ISBN 0-299-19584-8.
  3. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1907/05512/4544731.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. http://www.igp-web.com/IGPArchives/ire/longford/photos/tombstones/1headstones/granard-old.txt. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1909/05468/4530535.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1909/05443/4522647.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. "Marriage" (PDF). Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  8. Broderick (2004), p. 90
  9. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1945/04619/4225784.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1961/04316/4113689.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/birth_returns/births_1895/02192/1829092.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1940/04716/4260185.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/marriage_returns/marriages_1922/09210/5331709.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/birth_returns/births_1894/02237/1842851.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. . https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1940/04725/4263000.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help); External link in |publisher= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  16. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/marriage_returns/marriages_1921/09242/5345191.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  17. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/birth_returns/births_1892/02356/1880455.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/deaths_returns/deaths_1949/04550/4200457.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. (PDF) https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/birth_returns/births_1891/02398/1894232.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  20. "Julia Roberts Biography". Yahoo Movies. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  21. "Julia Roberts Biography". IMDB. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  22. Spada, James (2004). Julia: Her Life. St. Martin's Paperbacks (Macmillan). p. 294. ISBN 0-312-93666-4.
  23. Callaghan, Neil (2005-05-01). "Kitty Kiernan's sells for €4.9m". Sunday Business Post. Archived from the original on 2005-05-21. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  24. "About Kitty Kiernans". Kitty Kiernan Pub. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  25. "Welcome to Kitty Kiernan". Kitty Kiernans Pub. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  26. "Kitty Kiernan's Irish Pub". The Irish Pubs Directory. 2004. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  27. "Neues Pub bringt ein bisschen mehr Irland-Flair in Linzer Gastro-Szene". Oberösterreichische Nachrichten. 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-22.
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