KiNEx
KiNEx (Kirishineftekhimexport, Russian acronym for 'Kirishi petroleum chemical export') is a Russian joint stock company, subsidiary of Surgutneftegaz, specializing in wholesale crude and refined oil trading, especially of the refined oil production of Kinef, mostly abroad in Northern Europe.
- For the toy brand, see K'Nex.
It was founded in 1987 as a subdivision of the Kirishinefteorgsintez refinery, based in Kirishi, Leningrad Oblast, to conduct external economic activity of the latter, but in 1991 became independent state-owned enterprise headed by Gennady Timchenko.
In 1990 Kirishineftekhimexport together with Volgotanker, Sadko Oil and several individuals founded joint venture Urals Ltd. Its Finnish subdivision Urals Finland Oy became the main foreign customer of Kirishineftekhimexport, as it required much less efforts and bureaucratic burden to export oil to a single company. Urals Finland Oy later separated from Urals JV Ltd. and in 1995 entered the KiNEx holding as IPP International Petroleum Products Oy. In 1990s Kirishineftekhimexport also became successful in exporting oil to Estonia, which in 1990 was still a part of the Soviet Union.
In 1994 Kirishineftekhimexport was privatized by its top-managers Adolf Smirnov, Andrei Katkov, Yevgeni Malov and Gennady Timchenko and became a joint stock company registered in Saint Petersburg. It had been headed by Director General Adolf Smirnov until his death in 2004. Since then has been its Director General. The company had its own oil fields in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, but later sold them out.
In 1996 the state sold its remaining 49% stake in the company. In the same year financial and investment projects of KiNEx were transferred to the KiNEx Invest JSC, owned by Smirnov, Katkov, Malov and Timchenko (by 25% each) and headed by Director General Yury Yerofeyev. In 1998 KiNEx Invest acquired control over a 20.7% share of the Russia Bank.