Josephine Heffernan

Josephine G. Heffernan (11 March 1876 – 1962) was an Irish-American nurse who served during the First World War. She was born in Dublin and immigrated to the US in 1906, where she joined the United States Army in 1910. She served as a nurse in California and Mississippi, before being stationed at the American hospital at Rimaucourt, France. After the war, Heffernan went on to see service in China, the Philippines, and Pearl Harbor.

Josephine Heffernan
Born(1876-03-11)11 March 1876[1]
Dublin, United Kingdom
Died1962[2]
Bray, Republic of Ireland
NationalityIrish, American
OccupationNurse
Years active1910–1942
Known forNurse in the United States Army

In 2002 a bracelet belonging to Heffernan was discovered by a schoolboy in Rimaucourt, who enlisted the aid of his teacher to return the piece to Heffernan's family. This was eventually done in 2017. The efforts to identify Heffernan and return the bracelet were the subject of a film documentary which first aired in January of 2018.

Early life

Josephine Heffernan was born in Dublin to John Heffernan, who worked as a baker, and Christine Allen.[1][2] Her family later moved to Bray after her father's death.[1][2] There she worked as a book-keeper.[3]

Heffernan emigrated to the United States in 1906.[2][4][5]

Career and later life

Heffernan joined the United States Army in 1910.[2][4][5] In 1917, she became the chief nurse at a hospital at Fort McDowell on Angel Island in California.[6]:123 She was later transferred to Camp Shelby near Hattiesburg, Mississippi.[6]:124 She arrived to find Shelby in a state of emergency, with 240 patients and facing shortages of both supplies and staff. She recalled:

We all worked together. Nurses during those days did not spare labor. Meanwhile, time-slips, hadn't any use for them. Nurses stayed on duty until relieved by others ... Marvelous what one can do when emergency calls.[6]:124

In 1918, Heffernan was sent to France as the Chief Nurse of the American hospital at Rimaucourt.[2][4][5] After the First World War, Heffernan served with the US Army in China, the Philippines, and Pearl Harbor.[2] She achieved the rank of second lieutenant, the highest rank attainable by women at the time.[3]

Heffernan retired in 1942,[2] and moved back to Bray in 1943.[5] She never married or had children.[5] Heffernan died in 1962.[5]

Bracelet

Whilst working in the American hospital, Heffernan lost a bracelet with her name engraved. The bracelet was found in 2002 by an eight-year-old in a garden in Rimaucourt, who asked his teacher for help in locating the owner and their family.[1][2][4][5][7] This led to a 15-year-long search to find out more about Heffernan, in order to return the bracelet. The teacher eventually met with Marjorie Desrosier in 2017, an American Nurse Historian who was giving a local talk about nurses in the First World War.[1] They also enlisted the aid of the local Bray Cualann Historical Society.[3]

The search initially started in the US, as Heffernan was believed to be American, but where ancestry records showed that no-one of that name was born in the years 1880 or 1881.[1][5] The search then widened after she was shown to be of Irish birth.[1][5] The bracelet was returned to Heffernan's family in 2017.[2][4][5][7] The return of the bracelet was filmed, and the search was covered in a French language documentary Josephine H by France 2, which first aired in January of 2018.[1][3][5][7] An exhibition on the discovery of the bracelet was shown at the Yarn storytelling festival in Bray.[8]

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References
  1. White, Brian (12 January 2018). "The Story Of The Josephine Heffernan Bracelet". County Wicklow Heritage. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  2. "Talk on Bray nurse Josephine Heffernan who served in WWI". Irish Independent. 17 February 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
  3. "Josephine Heffernan: 100 Years Ago a Bracelet Was Lost During World War One". Mermaid Arts Centre. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
  4. Mulraney, Frances (1 November 2017). "Irish US Army nurse's World War I bracelet returned after worldwide hunt". Irish Central. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
  5. "Irishwoman's WWI bracelet returned after worldwide search". Raidió Teilifís Éireann. 1 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
  6. Sarnecky, Mary T. (October 1999). A History of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps. University of Pennsylvania Press. Retrieved 3 December 2018. josephine heffernan nurse.
  7. "De la Haute-Marne aux Etats-Unis : l'histoire d'une infirmière de 14-18". France 3 (in French). 8 January 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
  8. "Yarn is back for ninth year". Irish Independent. 3 November 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
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