Joseph Croshaw

Major Joseph Croshaw (1610-1667) was a substantial planter living near Williamsburg in the Colony and Dominion of Virginia.

Early life

Crowshaw was born in probably 1610-1612, the son of Captain Raleigh Croshaw. He became a substantial planter and lived just a few miles from present-day Williamsburg, Virginia. On December 10, 1651, he patented land which became the plantation known as Poplar Neck:

1000 a. in York Co., upon the side of York River, commonly known by the name of Poplar Neck, abutting n. w. upon the mouth of St. Andrew's Creek" (later called Carter's Creek) "n. e. upon York River, s. e. upon a small creek called Croshaw's Desire dividing this land & the land now in possession of Richd. Croshaw into the woods, w. s. w. & by s. and s. w. along the Indian Field upon the land of Jas. Harris, w. by n. upon the land of Samuel Snead, n. w. by w. upon a line of marked trees leading along to St. Andrew's Creek.[1]

Poplar Neck subsequently came to Col. John West through West's marriage to Joseph Croshaw's daughter Unity.

Family

Croshaw married five times and had eight children:[2]

1. Elizabeth Yeardley (b. 1615 in James City, Va.; d. 1666 in Bruton Parish, York Co., Va.), daughter of Gov. and Capt. Sir George Yeardley and wife Temperance Flowerdew.

  • Mary Croshaw (1632-1687), married 1. Henry White; 2. Thomas Taylor.
  • Richard Croshaw (1633- )
  • Rachel Croshaw (1635-1670), married 1. Ralph Graves (grandson of Captain Thomas Graves); and 2. Richard Barnes.
  • Betty Croshaw (1636-1637)
  • [Ursula] Unity Croshaw (1636-1669), married Colonel John West.
  • Benjamin Croshaw (1640-1645), died young.
  • Joseph Croshaw (1642-1650), died young.

2. Widow Finch

3. Mrs. Anne Hodges (d.1663), widow of Augustine Hodges

4. Mrs. Margaret Tucker (d.1664), widow of Daniel Tucker

5. Mrs. Mary Bromfield (d. bef. 28 May 1673), widow of Thomas Bromfeild

  • Joseph Croshaw (1667-1682)

Croshaw died by April 10, 1667, when his will was recorded in York County, Virginia. The inventory of his estate included two pewter candlesticks, forty-two pewter dishes, four porringers, thirty-six spoons, one bedpan, and one still. It also listed a silver sack-cup; twenty-four silver spoons; and a silver tankard of the largest size, valued at four pounds sterling (£4, equal in purchasing power to about £330 [3] today).[4]

The inventory of 1668 also listed the Croshaw estate as having 1000 bricks manufactured either by their own servants or by transient laborers.[5]

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References
  1. Land Patent Bk 2, p.352, transcribed in Nugent, Cavaliers and Pioneers, p.222
  2. Dorman, John Frederick, Adventurers of Purse and Person, 4th ed., v.1, p.770)
  3. http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/currency/results.asp#mid
  4. Bruce, Philip Alexander, Economic History of Virginia, Chapter XII
  5. Records of York County, Croshaw, vol. 1664-1672

Sources
  • "Crowshaw", by Martha Woodroof Hiden; William and Mary Qtrly (2), XXI, pp265 70.
  • "General Historie", by John Smith, 1624, Vol III, pp 78 81, Vol IV, pp. 151 154.
  • "The Complete Works of Captain John Smith", edited by Philip L. Barbour; Vol II, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 1986.
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