John Samuel Swire

John Samuel Swire (1825-1898) was a British businessman. He grew his family business, the Swire Group, and expanded the cotton and sugar trade with China. He established the Taikoo Sugar Refinery in Hong Kong and The China Navigation Company on the Yangtze river.

John Samuel Swire
Born24 December 1825
Liverpool, England
Died1 December 1898
London, England
NationalityBritish
OccupationBusinessman
Spouse(s)Abigail Fairrie
Mary Warren
ChildrenJohn Swire
George Swire
Parent(s)John Swire
Maria Louisa Roose
RelativesWilliam Hudson Swire (brother)

Early life

John Samuel Swire was born on 24 December 1825 in Liverpool, England.[1][2][3][4] His father, John Swire, was the founder of the Swire Group.[1][2] His mother was Maria Louisa Roose.[2] He had a younger brother, William Hudson Swire, born in 1830.[1][2] They inherited the family business when their father died in 1847, when Swire was twenty-two years old.[1] Later in his twenties, he went travelling in the United States and Australia.[2][5]

Career

Swire established Swire Bros in Melbourne, Australia in 1855.[2]

In 1865, he negotiated with Alfred Holt to expand the cotton trade with China by using Holt's Blue Funnel Line.[2] He entered in a partnership with Richard Shackleton Butterfield, a textile manufacturer from York, and established Butterfield and Swire in Shanghai in 1867, followed by additional offices in England and the United States.[2] A year later, in 1868, they parted ways, as Swire kept the Shanghai office and Butterfield kept the English and American operations.[2] Swire renamed the Shanghai company Taikoo Sugar Refinery.[2]

Swire moved his main office from Liverpool to London in 1870.[2] Together with Holt and the Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, he established The China Navigation Company to expand trade with China on the Yangtze river.[2]

Personal life

He was married twice. He first married Abigail Fairrie, the daughter of Adam Fairrie, a sugar refiner from Ayrshire, in 1859.[3] They had a son, John Swire.[3] Abigail died in 1862. Two decades later, in 1881, he married Mary Warren, the daughter of George Warren, a shipowner from Liverpool.[3] They had one son, George Swire.[3] They resided at Leighton House in Leighton Buzzard and maintained a London townhouse at 1, Pembridge Square.[3]

Death

He died on 1 December 1898 in London.[1][3]

Secondary source
  • Sheila Marriner, Francis Edwin Hyde, The senior John Samuel Swire, 1825-98: management in Far Eastern shipping trades, Liverpool University Press, 1967.[6]
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References
  1. Swire, John Samuel [called the Senior] (1825-1898), merchant and shipowner in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  2. Swire Papers, Collected by Professor Francis E. Hyde, University of Liverpool Library: Special Collections and Archives
  3. Leighton-Linslade Past Times: John Samuel Swire (1825 - 1898), merchant and shipowner
  4. Hugh Cortazzi, Britain and Japan: Biographical Portraits, Routledge, 2013, Volume 4, pp. 130-
  5. The archives of John Swire & Sons Ltd are held at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, http://www.soas.ac.uk/library/archives/
  6. Google Books
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