John II of Pernstein
John II of Pernstein (Czech: Jan II. z Pernštejna; c. 1406 – 28 December 1475) was a Moravian nobleman and supporter of the Hussites. Later King George of Poděbrady of Bohemia appointed him to Lord Chamberlain of the District Court at Brno and in 1473 by the Anti-King Matthias Corvinus made him one of the four governors of Moravia.
John II of Pernstein | |
|---|---|
| Born | c. 1406 |
| Died | 28 December 1475 |
| Noble family | Pernstein |
| Spouse(s) | Barbara of Waldstein Bohunka of Lomnitz Margaret of Vranov |
| Father | William I of Pernstein |
| Mother | either Agnes of Pottenstein or Agnes of Sternberg |
Life
John's father, William I of Pernstein was in the service of the Margrave Jobst of Moravia. John later inherited some important state offices from his father. John's mother was either William's second wife Agnes of Pottenstein (Czech: Anežka z Potštejn) or his third wife Anna of Sternberg.
John II is first mentioned in a document of 1427, when he and his father sold a piece of land to the abbess of the monastery Doubravník, which had been founded by Štěpán of Medlov, a predecessor of the Pernstein family. In the same year, his father gave him the right to manage his own assets. In 1429, he participated in the Hussite invasion of the Margraviate of Meissen. Meissen was looted and pillaged.
Prior to 1434, John II acquired the lien of Mitrov from Hynek Hlaváč, which he kept at least until 1448, as in that year an entry was made in Landtafel. Between 1434 and 1436, several knight from villages belonging to the Lordship of Pernstein accused him of occupying their villages illegally. He attempted to settle these feuds. In 1437, King Sigismund of Bohemia died. Sigismund's son-in-law Albert II was a candidate to succeed him. John opposed this; he and Hynek Ptáček of Pirkstein supported the candidacy of Casimir IV Jagiellon, the almost eleven-year-old son of King Władysław III of Poland. Nevertheless, Albert II was elected King of Bohemia.
Probably around 1441, John II married his second wife, Bohunka of Lomnitz. Her father, John of Lomnitz, transferred the liens on the margraviate fiefs Zubštejn, Pyšolec and Bistritz to John II. In 1446, King George of Poděbrady made these liens into hereditary possessions of the Pernstein family. John II also acquired the Lordship of Křižanov from the heirs of the late Sigmund of Křižanov. He made claims on lands in Tišnov which had belonged to the Porta coeli Convent before it was destroyed during the Hussite Wars. In the years 1463, 1467, 1469 and 1470, King George authorized John II and his sons Sigmund, William, Jan and Vratislav the use of the usufruct of these lands.
In 1462, John II purchased the Lordship of Jimramov from John of Cimburg and Tovačovští and his wife Sophie of Kunštát. He was able to significantly expand his property through acquisitions and liens.
King George of Poděbrady appointed John II in 1460 to Lord Chamberlain of the District Court at Brno. John II was an expert on Moravian law. John II always remained loyal to King George. After George's death in 1471, however, he switched sides and supported the counter-King Matthias Corvinus. John II was one of the four governors of Moravia Matthias appointed in 1473. Around this time John's second-born son William II of Pernstein came into the foreground more often. When William II acquired the Lordship of Helfštýn, John II acted as a witness.
When John died in 1475, he left his sons and his young widow extensive properties. At his request he was buried in the monastery church of Doubravník. His widow remarried in 1480 with Marquart of Lomnitz and after Marquart's death in 1482, with Berthold of Tworkau.
A bible manuscript from the year 1471 in the National Library in Prague is richly decorated with illuminations and contains the coat of arms of John of Pernstein, suggesting that it was commissioned by him. It is therefore referred to as the "Pernstein Bible" (Pernštejnská bible).
Marriage and issue
John of Pernstein was married three times. His first marriage was with Barbara of Waldstein (Barbora Brtnická z Valdštejna). They had two children:
- Sigmund of Pernstein (Zikmund z Pernštejna; born: c. 1437; died: 1473 or later), a supporter of King George of Poděbrady
- Catherine (born: c. 1437; died: 1449)
After Barbara's death (before 1445), John married Bohunka of Lomnitz (Bohunka Mezeřícká z Lomnice), who died in 1475. They had the following children:
- William II (1438–1521), High Treasurer of Moravia and later High Marshall of Bohemia
- John (Jan) (c. 1460-1480)
- Vratislav I († 1496), High Treasurer of Moravia, married in 1488 with Ludmilla (d. 1493), daughter of Jan Heralt of Kunštát
Before 1475 John married his third wife: Margaret of Vranov (Markéta). His youngest son was born in this marriage:
- Emmeram (Jimram) (born: c. 1465; died: 1481 or 1482)
References
- Petr Vorel: Páni z Pernštejna. Vzestup a pád rodu zubří hlavy v dějinách Čech a Moravy, ISBN 80-86182-24-X, pp. 46–66.
- Joachim Bahlcke et al.: Handbuch der historischen Stätten: Böhmen und Mähren, Kröner-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8, pp. 302 and 441.
External links
- Marek, Miroslav. "Genealogy of Pernstein". Genealogy.EU.