Joe Cuba

Joe Cuba (April 22, 1931 – February 15, 2009), was an American conga drummer of Puerto Rican descent widely regarded as the "Father of Latin Boogaloo".

Joe Cuba
Birth nameGilberto Miguel Calderón Cardona
Also known asSonny
BornApril 22, 1931
New York, New York, U.S.
DiedFebruary 15, 2009(2009-02-15) (aged 77)
New York, New York, U.S.
GenresBoogaloo, salsa
Occupation(s)Musician, bandleader
InstrumentsConga
Years active1950–2009
LabelsTico, Fania

Early years

Cuba (birth name: Gilberto Miguel Calderón Cardona[note 1]) was born in New York City, Cuba's parents moved from Puerto Rico to New York City in the late 1920s and settled in Spanish Harlem, a Latino community located in Manhattan. Cuba was raised in an apartment building where his father had become the owner of a candy store located on the ground floor (street level floor). His father had organized a stickball club called the Young Devils. Stickball was the main sport activity of the neighborhood. After Cuba broke a leg he took up playing the conga and continued to practice with the conga between school and his free time. Eventually, he graduated from high school and joined a band.[1]

Musical career

In 1950, when he was 19 years old, he played for Joe Panama and also for a group called La Alfarona X. The group soon disbanded and Cuba enrolled in college to study law. While at college he attended a concert in which Tito Puente performed "Abaniquito". He went up to Tito and introduced himself as a student and fan and soon they developed what was to become a lifetime friendship. This event motivated Cuba to organize his own band. In 1954, his agent recommended that he change the band's name from the José Calderón Sextet to the Joe Cuba Sextet and the newly named Joe Cuba Sextet made their debut at the Stardust Ballroom.[1]

In 1962, after recording three albums for Mardi Gras Records, Cuba recorded his first album with the Joe Cuba Sextet called Steppin' Out featuring the hit 'To Be With You', featuring the impressive vocals of Cheo Feliciano and Jimmy Sabater Sr. The band became popular in the New York Latin community. The lyrics to Cuba's music used a mixture of Spanish and English, becoming an important part of the Nuyorican Movement.[2]

In 1965, the Sextet got their first crossover hit with the Latin and soul fusion of "El Pito (I'll Never Go Back to Georgia)". The "I'll Never Go Back to Georgia" chant was taken from Dizzy Gillespie's intro to the seminal Afro-Cuban tune "Manteca." Sabater later revealed that "None of us had ever been to Georgia."[3]

Along with fellow Nuyorican artists such as Ray Barretto and Richie Ray, Cuba was at the forefront of the developing Latin soul sound in New York, merging American R&B styles with Afro-Cuban instrumentation.[4] Cuba was one of the key architects behind the emerging Latin Boogaloo sound, which became a popular and influential Latin style in the latter half of the 1960s.[4] In 1966, his band scored a hit on the United States National Hit Parade List with the song "Bang Bang"[5]— which helped kick off the popularity of the boogaloo. He also had a No. 1 hit that year on the Billboard charts with the song "Sock It To Me".[6]

Later years and death

On April 1999, Joe Cuba was inducted into the International Latin Music Hall of Fame. In 2004, he was named Grand Marshal of the Puerto Rican Day Parade celebrated in Yonkers, New York. He was also the director of the Museum of La Salsa, located in Spanish Harlem, Manhattan, New York.[6]

Joe Cuba died on February 15, 2009 in New York City after being removed from life support. He had been hospitalized for a persistent bacterial infection. Cuba's remains were cremated at Woodhaven Cemetery.[7] He is survived by his 2 adult children from his first wife (Nina, married in 1960), son Mitchell and daughter Lisa, 3 grandchildren Nicole, Alexis and Rebecca; and his second wife Maria (Married in 1994).[6]

Discography

As leader
  • I Tried To Dance All Night (1956)
  • Mardi Gras Music For Dancing Vol. 1 (1956)
  • Cha Cha Chá (1957)
  • Mardi Gras Music For Dancing Vol. 2 (1958)
  • Mardi Gras Music For Dancing Vol. 3 (1959)
  • Brava pachanga (1959)
  • Merengue loco (1961)
  • Joe Cuba (1961)
  • To Be With You (1962)
  • Steppin' Out (1962)
  • Cha Cha Chás Soothe The Savage Beast(1962)
  • Diggin' The Most (1963)
  • Vagabundeando (Hangin' Out) (1963)
  • Comin' at You (1964)
  • El Alma del Barrio: The Soul of Spanish Harlem (1964)
  • Breakin' Out (1965)
  • Bailadores (1965)
  • Red, Hot and Cha Cha Chá (1965)
  • We Must Be Doing Something Right! (1966)
  • Bang Bang (1967)
  • The Velvet Voice of Jimmy Sabater (1967)
  • My Man Speedy (1968)
  • Recuerdos de mi querido Barrio (1971)
  • Bustin' Out (1972)
  • Hecho y Derecho (Doing it Right) (1973)
  • Cocinando la Salsa (Cookin' The Sauce) (1976)
  • El Pirata del Caribe (The Caribbean Pirate) (1979)
  • Steppin' Out... Again! (1995)
  • Salsa y Bembé (1998)

Compilations
  • Greatest Hits (2009)
  • El Alcalde del Barrio (2010)
  • The Best of Joe Cuba (Lo Mejor de Joe Cuba) - Fania Original (Remastered) (2010)
  • Anthology (2012)
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See also

Notes
  1. This article uses Spanish naming customs: the first or paternal family name is Calderón and the second or maternal family name is Cardona.

References
  1. Stickball Hall of Fame
  2. "Joe Cuba: Biography". Archived from the original on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
  3. Flores, Juan (2000): From Bomba to Hip-Hop: Puerto Rican Culture and Latino Identity, page 87. Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-11076-6
  4. Gonzalez, David (2009-02-20). "Mourning Joe Cuba, a Bandsman Whose Legacy Was Joy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-05-12.
  5. "The Perfect Summer Song, with a Dash of Social History | Now and Then: an American Social History Project blog". nowandthen.ashp.cuny.edu. Retrieved 2017-05-12.
  6. Oldies Oldies
  7. Sanchez, Laura N. Perez, "NYC salsa band leader Joe Cuba dies at 78", USA Today, February 15, 2009
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