Joan Woodward

Joan Woodward (September 27, 1916 – 1971) was a British professor in organization sociology

Not to be confused with Joanne Woodward.

Joan Woodward
Born	1916
Died	1971
Nationality	British
Occupation	Professor
Employer	Imperial College London Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford
Known for	Research in Organization Sociology
Title	Prof.

Background

Woodward undertook her early research at South East Essex College of Technology, before joining Imperial College in 1957 as a part-time lecturer in Industrial Sociology and was appointed to a Senior Lectureship in the Production Engineering Section in 1962.[1]

Pursuits

Woodward was a leading academic and commentator in the field of Organization Theory, particularly Contingency Theory. Woodward was a pioneer for empirical research in organizational structures and author of analytical frameworks that establish the link between technology and production systems and their role in shaping effective organizational structures. She classified the technology into Unit based or (Small scale), Mass based or (large scale) and Continuous process organizations. All successful organizations in these categories, according to her, had a particular organizational structure.

Structural Characteristic	Unit based	Mass based	Continuous based
Number of management levels	Low	Medium	High
Supervisory span of control	Low	High	Low
Ratio of managers to total workforce	Low	Medium	High
Skill level of workers	High	Low	High
Overall structure	Organic	Mechanistic	Organic

In 1964, she was invited to work part-time for the Ministry of Labour. This was followed, in 1969, by an appointment as Professor of Industrial Sociology and Director of the Industrial Sociology Unit.

Her work received international recognition, leading to an invitation to join a group of the top seven organization theorists that was called the Magnificent Seven. Such international acclaim was rare for a woman at this period.[2]

Legacy

Woodward died in 1971, aged 54, having followed treatment for breast cancer. As the second woman to receive a chair at Imperial College,[2] Woodward is a role model for women in science, engineering and technology.

In 1970, Prof. Woodward published a book "Industrial Organization: Behaviour and Control".[3] This text described the complete work of her research group since 1962.

The bi-annual Joan Woodward Memorial Lecture takes place at Imperial College Business School. The Joan Woodward Prize is bestowed annually on an undergraduate or post-graduate undertaking a thesis in a topic that matches the research interests of Joan Woodward. Both the lecture series and student prizes are supported by an endowment fund that has been established in her name.[1]

References

1. http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/business-school/research/joanwoodwardmemoriallectures The Joan Woodward Memorial Lectures, Imperial College Business School
2. http://www.imperial.ac.uk/centenary/memories/DotGriffiths.shtml Professor Dot Griffiths shares her memories of Professor Joan Woodward, as part of the Imperial College Centenary
3. https://www.amazon.com/dp/0198741227 Industrial Organization: Theory and Practice - Oxford University Press, USA; 2 edition (February 19, 1981); ISBN 0-19-874122-7, ISBN 978-0-19-874122-0