Jim Obergefell

Jim Obergefell (/ˈoʊbərɡəfɛl/ OH-bər-gə-fel) (born June 7, 1966) is an American civil rights activist known as the plaintiff in the Supreme Court case Obergefell v. Hodges, which legalized same-sex marriage in the United States.[1] After his husband, John Arthur, died in 2013, and his inability to legally be considered Arthur's surviving spouse on his death certificate, Obergefell took to court, beginning his years of fighting for same-sex rights.[1]

Jim Obergefell
Jim Obergefell at the Marriage Equality Decision Day Rally in front of the US Supreme Court
Born
James Obergefell

(1966-06-07) June 7, 1966
Sandusky, Ohio, U.S.
EducationUniversity of Cincinnati
Known forPlaintiff in Supreme Court case Obergefell v. Hodges
Board member ofServices & Advocacy for LGBT Elders (SAGE)

Court appearance

After getting married and meeting with Al Gerhardstein, a local civil rights attorney, they were told that due to Ohio's same-sex marriage ban, Obergefell cannot be listed as Arthur's surviving spouse on his death certificate.[1] They later filed a lawsuit, and the Ohio case became known as Obergefell v. Kasich.[2] A federal judge agreed to hear the case the following court day due to Arthur's illness.[3] The judge ruled in Obergefell's favor, but the state of Ohio appealed to a higher court and won, resulting in Obergefell's appeal to the Supreme Court.[1] Arthur died and soon, Obergefell devoted his time and became committed to legalizing same-sex marriage for all with the Supreme Court case Obergefell v. Hodges.[2] The two questions that would drive Obergefell’s appeal to court would be: 1) whether it was constitutional for states to discriminate between gay and straight couples in granting marriage licenses and 2) whether the Constitution required every state to recognize legal marriages of same sex couples who were married in another state.[4] The case took place on Friday, June 26 in 2015 and Obergefell won with the support of five judges.[4] Justice Anthony Kennedy, who wrote the majority opinion for the case, stated in the court: “No union is more profound than marriage, for it embodies the highest ideals of love, fidelity, devotion, sacrifice, and family. In forming a marital union, two people become something greater than they once were.”[5] After winning the case, Obergefell stated: “affirms what millions across the country already know to be true in their hearts: our love is equal.[4] The four words etched onto the front of the Supreme Court ‘equal justice under law’ apply to us, too.”[4] President Barack Obama reached out to congratulate Obergefell and thanked him for “his leadership that has changed our country.”[4]

Media appearance

When Justice Anthony Kennedy retired, Obergefell was very vocal in the media on his opinions of the judge’s decision to resign. Obergefell admitted to feeling “despondent” because he believed the loss of Justice Kennedy could have repercussions, especially for the LGBTQ+ community.[6] Obergefell believes Justice Kennedy’s legacy is undermined by this decision to retire during a Trump presidency. Obergefell stated on the issue that "I wouldn’t trust any Justice nominated by this president to respect and protect LGBTQ+ rights."[7] Obergefell also was in the press when he was invited by Michelle Obama to attend Obama's final State of the Union address. When asked about why he received the honor to sit in the box of the first lady, Obergefell said: “We the people. This core American belief is why the other marriage-equality plaintiffs and I, and so many others before us, stood up to fight for our rights.”[8]

Career

Prior to his experience in court, Obergefell was a consultant and realtor in Ohio.[9] He consulted with his partner Arthur.[9] After the case won in the Supreme Court in 2016, Obergefell spent a year traveling to speak around the globe about the case and his own life.[10] While Obergefell is credited with the victory of a landmark Supreme Court case, he had made it apparent he was not undergoing the case for financial reasons. He would only receive $225 in social security benefits and potentially a small disabilities benefit when he retired from the state of Ohio.[11] Obergefell cofounded Equality Vines after the trial, the first cause based wine label that supports organizations devoted to civil rights and equality for all. He also works with Keppler Speakers as a speaker and an activist.[12] Most notably, Obergefell co-authored the book Love Wins with Debbie Cenziper. The book explores the lives of the lovers and lawyers who were essential to the victory of Obergefell v. Hodges. Obergefell now also volunteers to officiate weddings, having officiated 8 same sex marriages and one straight couple after the victory of his trial.[7] In February 2016, soon after the court ruling, Obergefell moved to Washington, D.C., to continue pursuing his political endeavors.[13] After three long years of activism in D.C., Obergefell decided, in 2019, to move back to Ohio to reclaim his roots, return to his role as an uncle to 17, and announce a new act.[13] When asked about his favorite memory from his time in D.C., Obergefell said, "To be in that courtroom and have it finally sink in as Justice Kennedy [read] the decision that we won, and that John could finally rest in peace. And that people like us around the country could get married, it's hard to top that."[13] Obergefell looks forward to working on advancing LGBTQ and minority rights on a state level, starting with his home state of Ohio, since federal progress does not currently seem as attainable.[13]

Early life

Obergefell graduated from Sandusky High School in 1984 [14] and went on to attend the University of Cincinnati where he earned a degree in secondary education and German.[10] He attended graduate school at Bowling Green State University.[10] Out of college, he was a high school German teacher.[10] After years of hiding his sexuality, finally, when he was in his mid-20s, he came out to his eldest sister.[1] At the time, his mother was dead, but the rest of his family was not too surprised by his announcement.[1] While his dad was not always supportive, he found a strong relationship with his Aunt Paulette.[15]

Obergefell v. Hodges case

Personal life

Then, in 1992, at a bar near the University of Cincinnati, Obergefell met John Arthur, a man who soon, after several different interactions and a district and Supreme Court case, became his husband.[1] Obergefell and Arthur became inseparable. They began dating, moved in together, worked in IT consulting and client relations management at several companies, and after years of being together, Arthur was diagnosed with ALS.[1] Obergefell acted as Arthur’s caretaker for the rest of their relationship, helping his partner through every wave of the illness. By 2013, he became bed bound and Obergefell and Arthur decided to get married.[1] Same-sex marriage was illegal in their home state of Ohio so in order to get married, they would have to go to another state.[4] Close friends and family of the couple pooled together to rent a medically equipped plane for the couple to travel for their marriage.[9] On June 11, 2013, the couple got an ambulance to escort Arthur to a private plane that flew Arthur, Obergefell, a nurse, and Arthur's aunt, who performed the ceremony, to Baltimore, where the marriage was performed while the plane sat on the tarmac.[16] After 22 years of being together, Arthur died on October 22, 2013.[17]

Recognition

In 2016, the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center in Cincinnati honored Obergefell with the Everyday Freedom Hero award. The award is given to people whose actions reflect the ideals of the underground railroad.[18] The city council of Cincinnati made June 28, the day of the ruling, John Arthur Day as a tribute to the Supreme Court case from the two men who lived there together for two decades. The mayor of the city, John Cranley, referred to Obergefell as a “historic figure” for their city and the country.[19] In 2015, Foreign Policy named Obergefell one of its 2015 Global Thinkers. In the same year, Out magazine also named Obergefell on its 2015 Out 100 list. Obergefell was also appointed to be a member of the National Advisory Board for the GLBT Historical Society and the Board of Advisors for the Mattachine Society of Washington DC.[7] Obergefell has also been honored by the ACLU of Southern California, the National Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce, and the Santa Clara University School of Law.[20]

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References
  1. Rosenwald, Michael (April 6, 2015). "How Jim Obergefell became the face of the Supreme Court gay marriage case". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2019-09-03.
  2. "Obergefell v. Hodges", Wikipedia, 2019-08-18, retrieved 2019-09-03.
  3. "Meet The 'Accidental Activists' Of The Supreme Court's Same-Sex-Marriage Case". NPR.org. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  4. "Same-Sex Marriage Supreme Court Decision, June 26, 2015." In Historic U.S. Events. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2016. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed September 11, 2019). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/BT2359039968/UHIC?u=athe67392&sid=UHIC&xid=397a5ea8.
  5. Liptak, Adam (2015-06-26). "Supreme Court Ruling Makes Same-Sex Marriage a Right Nationwide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  6. Samuels, Brett (2018-06-28). "Jim Obergefell 'feeling somewhat despondent' over Kennedy retirement". TheHill. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  7. Foggatt, Tyler (2018-07-16). "Jim Obergefell Reads from the Book of Justice Kennedy". ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  8. Petrow, Steven (2016-01-13). "Why it matters where Jim Obergefell sat during the State of the Union". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  9. "Jim Obergefell." In Contemporary Authors Online. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2017. Gale In Context: Biography (accessed September 11, 2019). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/H1000322825/BIC?u=athe67392&sid=BIC&xid=72c64b3b.
  10. "Jim Obergefell." In Gale Biography Online Collection. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2015. Gale In Context: Biography (accessed September 11, 2019). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1650009726/BIC?u=athe67392&sid=BIC&xid=cd8a35a6.
  11. "Meet the Man Behind the Supreme Court Same-Sex Marriage Case". ABC News. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
  12. "Jim Obergefell". SAGE. 2018-09-26. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  13. "His Supreme Court case legalized gay marriage – Now, Jim Obergefell is leaving DC". WUSA. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  14. "Sandusky Register". www.sanduskyregister.com. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  15. Hammond, Gretchen R. "Obergefell Recalls Marriage-Equality Fight." Windy City Times, Oct 19, 2016, pp. 11. ProQuest, https://search.proquest.com/docview/1832569979?accountid=145513.
  16. "His Husband Died In 2013, But Jim Obergefell Is Still Fighting For Their Marriage". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved 2019-09-03.
  17. "Jim Obergefell". American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
  18. "Jim Obergefell, Same-Sex Marriage Plaintiff, to be Honored." Between the Lines, Oct 20, 2016, pp. 9. ProQuest, https://search.proquest.com/docview/1833128636?accountid=145513.
  19. Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (2015-04-25). "Gay Marriage Case Caps Cincinnati's Shift From Conservative Past". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  20. "Jim Obergefell". SAGE. 2018-09-26. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
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