Jim Mollison

James Allan Mollison MBE (19 April 1905 – 30 October 1959) was a Scottish pioneer aviator who, flying solo or with his wife, Amy Johnson, set many records during the rapid development of aviation in the 1930s.

For other people named James Mollison, see James Mollison (disambiguation).

Jim Mollison MBE
Captain James A Mollison at Floyd Bennett Field, 23 October 1936 in front of his Bellanca Flash.
Born	(1905-04-19)19 April 1905 Glasgow, Scotland
Died	30 October 1959(1959-10-30) (aged 54) London, England
Nationality	Scottish
Occupation	Aviator
Spouse(s)	Amy Johnson (divorced)

Early years

Born on 19 April 1905 in Glasgow, the only child of Hector Alexander Mollison, a consultant engineer, and Thomasina Macnee Addie (d. 1965). He was educated at The Glasgow Academy and Edinburgh Academy.[1] He was attracted at an early age to flying. Obtaining his Royal Air Force (RAF) Short Service Commission at 18, he was the youngest officer in the service, and upon completion of training, was posted to Waziristan.[2]

Aviation career

At the age of 22, Mollison became a flying instructor at Central Flying School (CFS), again setting the record for being the youngest in this role. Shortly after, he transferred to the RAF Reserve and devoted his time to civil aviation. In 1928–29, he served as an instructor with the South Australian Aero Club in Adelaide, leaving that position to become a pilot with Eyre Peninsular Airways and Australian National Airways.[2]

Whilst gaining a reputation as a playboy, Mollison was a skilled pilot who, like many others, took to record breaking as a means of "making his name." In July–August 1931, Mollison set a record time of eight days, 19 hours for a flight from Australia to England, and in March 1932, a record for flying from England to South Africa in 4 days, 17 hours.

Mollison had flown commercially for Charles Kingsford Smith's ill-fated Australian National Airways. During one of his commercial flights, he met the equally famous aviator Amy Johnson, whom he proposed to only eight hours after meeting her, and while still in the air. Johnson accepted; they married on July 1932, and she went off to break her husband's England to South Africa record. They were dubbed The Flying Sweethearts by the press and public.

Mollison continued his record-breaking attempts and on 18 August 1932 was the first pilot to perform an East-to-West solo trans-Atlantic flight from Portmarnock in Ireland to Pennfield, New Brunswick, Canada. In February 1933 Mollison flew from England to Brazil in 3 days, 13 hours, using Africa as a stop-over continent, a record time and the first solo crossing. By then, he and his wife began to plan a record breaking flight across the world. On 22 July 1933, they took off from Pendine Sands in Wales on a non-stop flight to New York, but were forced to crash land in Bridgeport, Connecticut, just short of their target, after running out of fuel. He and his wife were both injured, and the plane broken apart by souvenir seekers.

In October 1934 the Mollisons took part in MacRobertson Air Race. Their de Havilland DH.88 Comet Black Magic led the competitors off the line and was leading at Baghdad, but they were forced to retire at Allahabad after having to use non-aviation fuel, which damaged their engines.

The Mollisons' marriage became strained; they were rivals for the same aviation records and Mollison was at times a heavy drinker. They were divorced in 1938. She resumed her maiden name.

World War II

Both Amy Johnson and Mollison eventually served in the ATA Air Transport Auxiliary in World War II. Johnson was killed while ferrying an aircraft in 1941. A notable incident occurred when Mollison flew as a co-pilot with Diana Barnato Walker. Their Anson was intercepted and shot up by Luftwaffe fighters. Although the aircraft was hit, the 12 passengers and crew were unhurt. On landing, Mollison's only concern was "how to get a cup of tea!"[3]

In June 1941 Mollison and an ATA crew delivered Cunliffe-Owen OA-1 G-AFMB to Fort Lamy, Chad. The aircraft was fitted out as a personal transport for General De Gaulle.[4] Jim Mollison was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for his services with the ATA.[5]

Postwar

Mollison later settled in London and ran a public house. He married Maria Clasina E. Kamphuis on 26 September 1949 at the Maidenhead Register Office.

Mollison abused alcohol and in 1953, the Civil Aviation Authority Medical Board revoked his pilot's licence. The couple separated but Maria bought the Carisbrooke Hotel in Surbiton for him – a temperance hotel.

Suffering from acute alcoholism, he was admitted to The Priory, Roehampton, southwest London, where he died on 30 October 1959.[1]

Legacy of Jim Mollison

Locality	Street name	Connection
Enfield	Mollison Avenue	Weston Aerospace premises
Edgware	Mollison Way	Former runway of Stag Lane Aerodrome
Wallington	Mollison Drive & Mollison Square	Former site of Beddington Aerodrome (see Croydon Airport)
Gravesend	Mollison Rise	Near site of former RAF Gravesend
Woodley	Mollison Close	Former site of Woodley Airfield
Meir	Mollison Road	Near Site of Meir Aerodrome

Also - Mildenhall, Suffolk. Jim Mollison Court (social housing). Close to Mildenhall airfield, the start for the 1934 England-Australia Air Race, that the Mollison's took part in.

References

Notes

1. Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B., eds. (23 September 2004), "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, pp. ref:odnb/35055, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35055, retrieved 2 January 2020
2. Aitken 1991, p. 343.
3. Diana Barnato Walker
4. Aeroplane Monthly June 2006 p.95 with two bw plates
5. Cheesman, E. C. Brief Glory: The Story of A.T.A.. Leicester: Harborough Publishing, 1946 p.220

Bibliography

• Aitken, Kenneth. "James Allan Mollison (The Speed Seekers)." Aeroplane Monthly, Vol. 19, No. 6, Issue no. 218, June 1991.

• Luff, David (1993). Mollison, The Flying Scotsman: The Life of Pioneer Aviator James Allan Mollison. Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 1 56098 621 2.

Further reading

• Moolman, Valerie. Women Aloft (The Epic of Flight). Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books, 1981. ISBN 0-8094-3287-0.
• Nesbitt, Roy. "What did Happen to Amy Johnson?" Aeroplane Monthly (Part 1) Vol. 16, no. 1, January 1988, (Part 2) Vol. 16, no. 2, February 1988.

External links

• This link takes you to the web site of the volunteers who are rebuilding DH88 Comet Racer "Black Magic" G-ACSP at Derby Airfield back to flying condition
• Tom Campbell Black
• 75th. Anniversary of the Great Air Race October 1934 Tom Campbell Black
• Mollison's Atlantic Flight in Flight, 26 August 1932