Queen Jeongsun

Queen Jeongsun or Queen Jung-Soon (정순왕후 김씨, 2 December 1745 – 11 February 1805) also known as Queen Dowager Yesun (예순왕대비) was a Queen consort of Korea as married to King Yeongjo (1724–1776), and the regent of Korea from 1800 to 1805 as the guardian of her minor step great-grandson, Sunjo of Joseon (1790–1834, reigned 1800–1834). She was a member of the Gyeongju Kim clan.

For the Queen consort of King Danjong of Joseon, see Queen Jeongsun (Danjong).

Queen Jeongsun
정순왕후
Queen Regent of Joseon
Regency1800 – 1804
MonarchKing Sunjo of Joseon
Grand Queen Dowager of Joseon
Tenure1800 – 1805
PredecessorQueen Inwon
SuccessorQueen Sunwon
Queen Dowager of Joseon
Tenure1776 – 1800
PredecessorQueen Seonui
SuccessorQueen Hyoui
Queen Consort of Joseon
Tenure1759 – 1776
PredecessorQueen Jeongseong
SuccessorQueen Hyoui
Born2 December 1745
Yeoju, Kingdom of Joseon
Died11 February 1805 (1805-02-12) (aged 59)
Gyeongbok Palace Kingdom of Joseon
SpouseKing Yeongjo of Joseon
Posthumous name
예순성철장희혜휘익렬명선수경광헌융인정현소숙정헌정순왕후
HouseGyeongju Kim
FatherKim Han-Gu
MotherLady Won of the Wonju Won clan

Biography

Born in the wealthy sector of Yeoju County, Gyeonggi Province during the reign of King Yeongjo, the future Queen Jeongsun was the daughter of Kim Han-gu (김한구) and Lady Won.

Queen

After the death of Yeongjo's first Queen Consort in 1757, she became Queen in 1759. She made an impression of wisdom early in her marriage with her verbal talent.

Because of the death of Crown Prince Sado in 1762, a son of Queen Jeongsun would have belonged to the required generation for inheriting the throne after the death of Yeongjo. But Queen Jeongsun had no children, and the throne was transmitted to the son of Sado who reigned as King Jeongjo from 1777 to 1800.

Regency

Upon the death of King Jeongjo in 1800, the only son of Jeongjo was 10 years old. He ascended the throne as King Sunjo. The Regency was given to Queen Jeongsun since she was the senior-most by generation over anybody else in the Palace. She exerted the power until she voluntarily gave it up in 1804. She departed from the policy of the late King, enforcing the Catholic Persecution of 1801 and favoring the Noron Byeokpa faction.

Death

Queen Jeongsun was buried with her husband King Yeongjo in the dynastic tombs at Donggureung - in the royal tomb of Wonneung (원릉, 元陵) in the city of Guri.

Family

Titles
  • 1745–1759: Lady Kim
  • 1759–1776: Her Majesty The Queen of Joseon
  • 1776–1800: Her Majesty The Queen Dowager of Joseon
  • 1800–1805: Her Majesty The Grand Queen Dowager of Joseon
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Preceded by
Queen Jeongseong		 Queen consort of Korea
1759–1776		 Succeeded by
Queen Hyoui

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