Jan Brzoza

Jan Brzoza, real name Józef Worobiec or Józef Wyrobiec (December 10, 1900, Lviv – November 17, 1971, Myszków) was a Polish writer, publicist, radio-host, Communist activist and one of the founders of the proletarian literature in Poland.

Jan Brzoza
Native name	Józef Worobiec / Józef Wyrobiec
Born	(1900-12-10)December 10, 1900 Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Lviv
Died	November 17, 1971(1971-11-17) (aged 70) Silesian Voivodeship, Myszków
Resting place	Katowice
Pen name	Jan Brzoza
Occupation	writer, journalist, publicist, radio-host,
Language	Polish
Citizenship	Second Polish Republic USSR Polish People's Republic
Genre	Socialist realism
Subject	workers' life
Notable works	Diaries of the unemployed, Children, Building an edifice, Earth, The Ninth Battalion
Notable awards	Order of the Banner of Labor (2nd class)

Biography

Józef Worobiec was born in a working-class family (father Antoni and mother Katarzyna or Aniela). He was a carpenter by education.

He made his debut in 1932 with the novel Diaries of the unemployed (in Polish: Pamiętnikiem bezrobotnego), unexpectedly winning a special award established for unemployed youth by the Institute of Social Economy (IGS – Instytut Gospodarstwa Społecznego) at the peak of the economic crisis. This novel attracted the attention of Lviv writers and publishers, and for the future writer, it was the beginning of his literary career.[1] Since then, he dedicated himself to a literary creativity. Since 1933, he was a member of the Lviv brunch of the Polish Writers' Trade Union. Most of his works are devoted to peasant and working themes.

In 1936, he published the novel Children (Dzieci), describing the Lviv newspapers' environment. The other novel Building an edifice (Budowali gmach) about construction site workers and their strike was issued in 1938.

Since 1921, Jan Brzoza was a member of the Communist Party of Western Ukraine.[2] He participated in the Lviv Ant-Fascist Congress of Cultural Workers in 1936.[1]

In 1939-1941, he was a member of the Ukrainian Writers' Union, activist of the Union of Polish Patriots.

In 1944–1945, Brzoza was the editor of the Lviv newspaper Czerwony Sztandar (Red Banner).[3] After the World War II he moved to Poland where lived in Silesia. Up to 1947 he was the cultural editor of the Katowice newspaper Trybuna Robotnicza (Workers' Tribune), then in 1947-1956 he led the Katowice branch of the Polish Writers' Union.

Elected deputy of the Sejm of the Polish People's Republic in 1957–1961 years.

Jan Brzoza died in Myszków in 1971, buried in Katowice.

Recognition

He was awarded the Polish Order of the Banner of Labour (II class).

Works

• Diaries of the unemployed (Pamiętnik bezrobotnego), 1933
• Children (Dzieci), 1936
• Building an edifice (Budowali gmach), 1938
• Earth (Ziemia), 1948
• The Ninth Battalion (Dziewiąty battalion), 1953
• Lodzia tramwajarka, 1958
• The story "Beskyde Nights" (Beskidzkie noce), 1964
• My literary adventures (Moje przygody literackie), 1967
• Return from America (Powrót z Ameryki), 1966
• Good day has come (Przyszedł dobry dzień), 1971

Literature

• Włodzimierz Maciąg, Literatura Polski Ludowej 1944–1964, Warszawa 1973, s. 471.
• Maciej Matwijów, Walka o lwowskie dobra kultury w latach 1945–1948, Wrocław 1996.
• Jacek Trznadel, Kolaboranci: Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński i grupa komunistycznych pisarzy we Lwowie 1939–1941, Komorów 1998, s. 231.
• „Rocznik Literacki” 1971, s. 625.
• Jerzy Kwiatkowski: Dwudziestolecie międzywojenne. Wyd. III – 5 dodruk. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2012, s. 301–302, seria: Wielka Historia Literatury Polskiej. ISBN 978-83-01-13851-6.

References

1. Brzoza, Jan (1967). Moje przygody literackie. Katowice. p. 78.
2. Fazan, M; Nawrocki, W (1969). Katowickie środowisko literackie w latach 1945–1967. Katowice. p. 124.
3. Тарнавський, Остап (1995). 1939–1944: спомини. Lviv: Літературний Львів. p. 55.