James Strachey Barnes

James Strachey Barnes (1890–1955)[1] was a British theorist of Fascism.

Life

He was born in India, the son of Hugh Shakespear Barnes and his wife Winifred Strachey, daughter of Sir John Strachey.[2] Brought up in Florence by his Strachey grandparents, he was educated at St Aubyns School Eton College and King's College, Cambridge. He became a Roman Catholic convert in 1914.[3][4]

Barnes served in the Guards and Royal Flying Corps during World War I.[4] He then worked in the Foreign Office Intelligence department, to 1919.[1] Subsequently, he lived in Italy, disliking British life as he found it. He was a member of the Partito Nazionale Fascista, and a friend of Benito Mussolini.[3]

Barnes became the leader of the Centre International des Études Fascistes (CINEF) in Lausanne, Switzerland.[5] Other British founders were Edmund Garratt Gardner and Walter Starkie; George Clarke, 1st Baron Sydenham of Combe and Arnold Leese were members.[6] Strachey's The Universal Aspects of Fascism was published in CINEF's journal, along with articles by Edmundo Rossoni, Augusto Turati and Gioacchino Volpe.[5] Barnes became foreign editor of the periodical Social Justice.[7]

During World War II Barnes worked to publicise Fascist Italy. His own Fascist views included palingenesis, anti-Semitism, and opposition to liberalism. After the war he lived in Italy.[8]

Notes
  1. Aubrey Herbert (15 June 2011). Albania's Greatest Friend: Aubrey Herbert and the Making of Modern Albania: Diaries and Papers 1904-1923. I.B.Tauris. p. 326 note 146. ISBN 978-1-84885-444-4.
  2. James Strachey Barnes (20 November 2014). A British Fascist in the Second World War: The Italian War Diary of James Strachey Barnes, 1943-45. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4725-1042-6.
  3. Thomas Linehan (2000). British Fascism, 1918-39: Parties, Ideology and Culture. Manchester University Press. pp. 129–. ISBN 978-0-7190-5024-4.
  4. T. S. Eliot (28 February 2015). The Letters of T. S. Eliot: Volume 5: 1930-1931. Yale University Press. p. 172 note 2. ISBN 978-0-300-21179-5.
  5. Matthew Feldman (2004). Fascism: The 'fascist epoch'. Taylor & Francis. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-415-29019-7.
  6. Thomas Linehan (2000). British Fascism, 1918-39: Parties, Ideology and Culture. Manchester University Press. p. 128. ISBN 978-0-7190-5024-4.
  7. Justus D. Doenecke (1 January 2003). Storm on the Horizon: The Challenge to American Intervention, 1939-1941. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-7425-0785-2.
  8. Modernism, Christianity and Apocalypse. BRILL. 31 October 2014. pp. 187–8. ISBN 978-90-04-28228-5.
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