Hypolimnas salmacis

Hypolimnas salmacis, the blue diadem, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe, the DRC, Uganda, Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania.[2] The habitat consists of secondary forests and disturbed environments.

Blue diadem
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Hypolimnas
Species:
H. salmacis
Binomial name
Hypolimnas salmacis
(Drury, 1773)[1]
Synonyms
  • Papilio salmacis Drury, 1773
  • Papilio omphale Stoll, 1790
  • Hypolimnas salmacis cissalma Suffert, 1904
  • Hypolimnas salmacis f. ochreata Joicey and Talbot, 1921
  • Hypolimnas salmacis salmacis ab. transiens Dufrane, 1953
  • Hypolimnas salmacis salmacis ab. interrupta Dufrane, 1953
  • Hypolimnas salmacis var. insularis Schultze, 1920
  • Hypolimnas salmacis ulysses Collins, 1987
  • Hypolimnas salmacis ulysses f. patra Collins, 1987
  • Hypolimnas salmacis ulysses f. helenae Canu, 1994
  • Hypolimnas salmacis ulysses f. penelope Canu, 1994
  • Hypolimnas salmacis var. thomensis Aurivillius, 1910

Adult males mud-puddle. Both sexes feed from teak flowers. There are two female forms, one with blue and the other with an ochreous ground-colour.

The larvae feed on Urera hypselodendron, U. trinervis and Fleurya species.

Subspecies
  • Hypolimnas salmacis salmacis (Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola: Cabinda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda: west to the Bwamba Valley)
  • Hypolimnas salmacis insularis Schultze, 1920 (Bioko)
  • Hypolimnas salmacis magnifica Rothschild, 1918 (Uganda, western Kenya, north-western Tanzania)
  • Hypolimnas salmacis platydema Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (southern Ethiopia, southern Sudan)
  • Hypolimnas salmacis thomensis Aurivillius, 1910 (São Tomé)
  • male H. s. salmacis, Ghana
  • male H. s. salmacis, Ghana
  • male H. s. salmacis, Ghana
gollark: No, what I mean is, are there easy to find but hard to verify problems?
gollark: No, other way round.
gollark: There are probably problems like that maybe. I think mostly for cryptography.
gollark: Well, you could set up your tax form such that it's easy for you to make and hard for them to verify.
gollark: > Well, on the other hand, many problems in nature are so computationally brutally hard that we can never truly hope to compute them, which prevents us from building a true virtual universe. I would say that's something positive.How is this a *good* thing?

References
  1. "Hypolimnas Hübner, [1819]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  2. "Afrotropical Butterflies: Nymphalidae - Tribe Junoniini". Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved 2012-05-29.


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