Harry Broome

Henry Alfred Broome[3] (1826 – 2 November 1865) was a boxer from the bare-knuckle fighting era who became heavyweight champion of England in September, 1851 when he defeated fellow Englishman William Perry in Mildenhall, England. He lost the title in May, 1856 to Tom Paddock in Suffolk.[1]

For the English footballer, see Harry Broome (footballer).
Harry Broome
Statistics
Real nameHenry Alfred Broome
Weight(s)165 lb (75 kg)*, *weight average in later career
*Early career fought as welterweight
career weight range, 136–178
Height5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)
Varies slightly in other records[1]
NationalityBritish
Born1826
Birmingham, England
Died2 November 1865
Soho, London, England[2]
StanceOrthadox
Right handed
Used London Prize Ring Rules
Boxing record
Total fights7
* major professional bouts only[1]
Wins4
Losses1
Draws2

Early life

Born in Birmingham in 1826, Harry Broome was the younger brother of undefeated English boxer Johnny Broome who influenced him to become a boxer as well.[4]

Boxing career

Though only 17, Broome had two London bouts in 1842, an exhibition and a win against Byng Stocks and Hal Mitchell, which may have been considered amateur bouts, as they were fought with gloves.[1]

With the guidance of his brother Johnny, Harry Broome's professional fighting career began on 11 October 1843 when he defeated Fred Mason at Northfleet, Kent, for a total purse of £100, £50 per side. One source quoted his weight, likely with accuracy, as only 136 pounds or 9 stone, 10, a light welterweight, and his age as barely eighteen.[5][6][3][5] According to one report, the two fought "a well contested battle of eighty-one minutes, during which thirty-nine rounds were fought". Broome did his best work, near the end of the match, most frequently leading with his left. The fighting was fierce from the opening round, and both men left the ring exhausted.[7][1]

In 1844 he was matched with Joe Rowe for £50 a side. The bout took place on 10 December 1844 at Greenhithe, Kent[7] but after a desperate battle lasting 90 minutes and 81 rounds, a riot by the crowd broke the ring and ended the bout. Both men landed blows, but Rowe may have taken a slight lead at the end.[3] Broome subsequently beat Rowe in a rearranged fight on 13 May 1845. Both bouts were fought in the welterweight range, and according to one source were for the English welterweight title.[8][9][1]

Broome's next fight was against Ben Terry of Birmingham in Shrivenham, England. Still fighting as a welterweight, Broome was said to have weighed around 10 stone, 4, or 144 pounds. The bout took place on 3 February 1846 and ended being declared a draw after an hour of fighting when a furious dispute broke out over a claimed "foul" which led to the referee fleeing the scene of the fight, unable to render a decision. Broome received only £5 for the bout.[8][3]

Heavyweight champion of England, 1851

Broome's career reached a peak in 1851 when, fighting above his weight, he defeated William Perry, the "Tipton Slasher".[4] The match took place at Mildenhall, England on 29 September 1851 for the impressive purse of £400. In the third round, Perry fell heavily to the ground. In the seventh, Perry hit the ground hard as he was thrown by Broome, and the heavy man was thrown at least once in subsequent rounds, a wrestling tactic allowed under London Prize Ring Rules. Perry was fought down after a scrambling rally in the fourteenth. After some exchanges in the fifteenth round, Broome missed and slipped onto his knees. Perry seized him by his right arm and dragged him as if to get him up, striking him "intemperately", on the side of the head while he was down. Broome was subsequently awarded victory for the foul of striking Broome while he was on his knees.[10][8] The outcome of this fight enabled Broome to claim the title of heavyweight champion of England, and take the championship belt.[1][11][3]

Defences of English championship, 1853
Broome (right) and Orme, 1853
Tom Paddock

Broome defended the heavyweight championship of England only once successfully against Henry Orme on a warm 18 April 1853, winning in a thirty-one round fight in Brandon, Suffolk, that lasted 2 hours, and eighteen minutes. The substantial purse was £500 with £250 per side, and the audience numbered in the thousands. Broome was roughly two inches taller than his adversary, but described as fleshy and not as fit in appearance, with the skin "loose on his arms". He may have lost some conditioning during his work as a pub keeper between fights.[12] He likely fought as a light heavyweight at best, as his competition weight was not known to exceed 175. Regardless of his condition, the bout was described as one of his best, and he fought convincingly.[4][1][13][14][3]

In August 1853, Broome wrote to Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle announcing his retirement from boxing and that he was pulling out of an agreed re-match with William Perry.[15]

Broome had two fights scheduled with Tom Paddock in February and March of 1855, but Paddock failed to show for either bout.[1]

Loss of English championship

On his second defense of the English title, Broome lost a fifty-one round match to Paddock at Bentley in Sussex on 19 May 1856, in Manningtree, England in one hour, three minutes. Broome was losing favor somewhat or the bout was less well attended, but the purse was only £200 a side, a sustantial sum, but a drop from the purse of Broome's first two championship wins. Boxing was not sanctioned by most English cities, which is why remote locations were required. To avoid the police, the spot found for the fight was on a piece of meadow ground in a hollow where the contestants and supporters could scarcely be seen. Broome had lost as much as 40 pounds for the contest, but did not appear as muscular as he had in earlier contests. His determination was substantial, but his stamina was described as inadequate against the vigor and strength of his opponent.[16] By the 48th round, the left side of Broome's face was quite swollen, and his left eye nearly swollen shut. Broome fell in the 49th from a blow to his left ear. In the brutal affair, Broome was down again in the 50th. In the 51st and final round, Broome was down from a right to the chest, and though he tried to rise, his second threw in the sponge. Though the betting favorite early on, Broome was described as "completely disabled" and presented a "shocking spectacle" by the end of the fight. He attempted to retire immediately after the disabling loss.[1][3][17][18][19]

After retirement
Norwood Cemetery

After finishing his fighting career he kept a pub in Portsmouth and later kept the "Crown and Cushion" in Little Russell Street, London. In later years, he was often found wagering money at race meetings which may have contributed to his poverty in later life.[3]

Near the end of his life, he suffered for months from lung disease and "dropsy", now known as edema. After being released from hospital care, he died in poverty due to his medical expenses, on the evening of 2 November 1865 at his residence on 30 Frith Street, in London's Soho. He was survived by his wife, who cared for him during his illness, and two children. He was buried in Norwood Cemetery in the same tomb as his brother, Johnny Broome, requiring patrons to pay the sum of £4 for the burial.[3][2][20]

Career record
4 Wins, 1 Loss, 2 Draws
Result Opponent Date Location Duration Notes
Win Fred Mason 11 October 1843 Northfleet, Kent 39 rounds Welterweight championship [1]
Draw Joe Rowe 10 December 1844 Greenhithe, Kent 81 rounds Welterweight championship [1]
Win Joe Rowe 13 May 1845 Ensham Common 27 rounds Welterweight championship [1]
Draw Ben Terry 3 February 1846 Shrivenham , Berks 49 rounds Crowd rioted due to foul, referee fled
Win William Perry 29 September 1851 Mildenhall, Suffolk 15 rounds Won English Heavyweight championship
Win Harry Orme 18 April 1853 Brandon, Suffolk 31 rounds Defended English championship
Loss Tom Paddock 19 May 1856 Bentley, Sussex 51 rounds Lost English championship, retired
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See also
  • List of heavyweight bare-knuckle boxing champions, includes nearly all bare-knuckle all England champions
  • List of bare-knuckle boxers

References
  1. "Harry Broome Boxing Record". Harry Broome. Cyber Boxing Zone. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  2. "Death of Harry Broome", Lloyd's Weekly, Greater London, England, pg. 12, 5 November 1865
  3. "HARRY BROOME, THE EX-CHAMPION". Bell's Life in Sydney and Sporting Chronicle. 3 February 1866. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  4. Miles, Henry Downes (1906). Pugilistica. Edinburgh: J. Grant. pp. 308–339.
  5. Famous fights, past and present. 2. London. 1901. pp. 264–265. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  6. Total purse £100 in "Pugilistic Contest for £100", Lloyd's Weekly, pg. 8 (right lower corner of page), 15 October 1843
  7. "The Ring". New York Clipper. 21 May 1853. p. 1. Retrieved 25 October 2018 – via Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.
  8. Henning, Fred (1902). Fights for the championship : the men and their times. London: Licensed victuallers' gazette. pp. 337–366.
  9. "Prize Fight for £100", Lloyd's Weekly, London, England, pg. 12, 15 December 1844
  10. Perry slipped in "Broome and Perry for 400 pounds", Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, London, England, pg. 10, 5 October 1851
  11. Perry fell down in the third in "The Championship of England", Liverpool Mercury, Liverpool, England, pg. 6, 3 October 1851
  12. Famous fights, past and present. 2. London. 1901. p. 218. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  13. For 500 pounds, Broome was fleshy, in "Pugilism", Reynold's Newspaper, London, England, pg. 5, 24 April 1853
  14. Audience of 1000s in "Pugilism", The Newcastle Weekly Courant, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, pg. 3, 22 April 1853
  15. "The Championship. Retirement of Harry Broome". Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle. 14 August 1853. p. 8. Retrieved 15 February 2019 – via The British Newspaper Archive.
  16. Stronger opponent in "Fight for the Championship", The Morning Post, London, England, pg. 6, 26 May 1856
  17. A shocking spectacle in "Prize Fight", Hampshire Telegraph, Hampshire, Portsmouth, England, pg. 8, 24 May 1856
  18. "Prizefight", The Lancaster Gazette, Lancaster, Lancashire, England, pg. 8, 31 May 1856
  19. "Sir William Williams", Leicester Chronicle, Leicester, England, pg. 4, 24 May 1856
  20. Released from hospital, had two children in "Racing Fixtures For 1865", Birmingham Daily Post, Birmingham, England, pg. 3, 6 November 1865
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