Gurgel BR-800

Gurgel BR-800 was a small Brazilian car produced between 1988 and early 1992. The project started under the acronym CENA, meaning "National Economical Car" ("Carro Econômico NAcional", in Portuguese), designed to be essentially a small car for urban daily use. It received great attention and good reviews from critics, regarding the mechanic solutions, comfort, drivability and stability.[1] At the September 1987 introduction the car was named the Gurgel 280 but by the time sales started it had finally become the BR-800.[2] The car could only be purchased if the buyer also bought 750 shares in Gurgel, making it considerably more expensive than the much bigger and more capable Chevrolet Chevette, the then cheapest new car available in Brazil.[3]

Gurgel BR-800
Overview
ManufacturerGurgel
Also calledGurgel 280
Production1988-1992
AssemblyRio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
DesignerJoão do Amaral Gurgel
Body and chassis
Classcity car
Body style2–door sedan
Layoutfront engine, rear-wheel drive
RelatedGurgel Motomachine
Powertrain
Engine792 cc Enertron H2
Transmissionfour-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase1,900 mm (75 in)
Length3,195 mm (126 in)
Width1,460 mm (57 in)
Height1,460 mm (57 in)
Curb weight650 kg (1,433 lb)
Chronology
SuccessorGurgel Supermini

The project was favoured by Brazil's then-president, José Sarney, who ensured large unsecured loans for Gurgel's project and also allowed it to be sold at an especially low sales tax. Nonetheless, only about 4,000 were built in around four years of production.[4]

Mechanics

The engine, called the Gurgel Enertron, was developed by Gurgel themselves. This is a water-cooled gasoline engine with two opposed piston cylinders. Essentially a halved VW boxer-four engine, it was developed with either 650 cc or 800 cc displacements, generating 26 PS (19 kW) and 30 PS (22 kW) respectively. It had a very simple and robust design, eliminating totally the V-belt by using the crankshaft for activating the alternator, and the camshaft for water and oil pump. In a later stage of development, the V-belt was reintroduced for the alternator, so that the battery would be charged even at low engine speeds.

The car's ride also came in for heavy complaints, due to the use of Gurgel's own "Springshock" suspension. This system, made mainly from synthetic materials, was abandoned for a more conventional setup for the succeeding Supermini.[5]

Rear view of Gurgel BR-800 SL

The body was made using Plasteel, designed for four passengers, and considered by some to have a good level of space for passengers and the driver, despite being less than 3.2 m (10 ft) in length.[6] During development, the little 650 cc engine was set aside, and only a 32 PS version of the 800 cc engine entered production. Nonetheless, the car was considered underpowered,[4] with a top speed of 110 km/h (68 mph).[7] Power was increased to 36 PS (26 kW) for the later SL version. The body, in order to save costs, has flat windows.[3]

Gurgel BR-800 SL

Between 1988 and July 1990, Gurgel BR-800 had the IPI tax reduced to 7%, thus giving a great advantage for Gurgel. In July 1990, the Brazilian president Fernando Collor decided to give a similar tax cut to all cars with engines smaller than one litre, thus equating the price of the BR-800 with those of significantly larger and more usable cars, reducing the BR-800 sales to a trickle.[4]

By the end of 1991, the BR-800 received some restyling and other improvements, it was now sold under the name BR-SL. This then received some general improvements and a more thorough restyling, evolving into the Gurgel Supermini.

gollark: Expanding on what I previously said, you can already pay for a commercial suborbital flight these days, and space travel is cheapening, so maybe by 2030 you'll be able to travel between continents by rocket in an hour or so by commercial suborbital rocket for... a million dollars or so.People will inevitably complain about this, too.
gollark: The nuclear fuel heats the propellant which gives it exhaust velocity.
gollark: Yes they do. Not that they're actually used because nuclear.
gollark: Nuclear rockets are.
gollark: Yes, but... airships. Being in the air introduces extra challenges.

References
  1. http://www.gurgel800.com.br/publicacoes/quatrorodas/325/
  2. de Oliveira, Saulus. "BR 800 & Supermini" (in Portuguese). Salvador, Bahía, Brazil: BR 800 Clube. Archived from the original on 2006-09-02.
  3. Nicholson, Brian (1988-10-31). "Brazilian auto maker dreams". UPI.
  4. Bannister, Andy (2009-12-29). "Genius or Joker? João Gurgel and the Lost Cars of Brazil". Autosavant. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
  5. de Oliveira, Saulus. "BR 800 & Supermini, á historia continua" [BR-800 and Supermini, History Continued] (in Portuguese). Salvador, Bahía, Brazil: BR 800 Clube. Archived from the original on 2004-06-30.
  6. "Acompanhe o novo Gurgel na reta final" [Following the new Gurgel to the finish]. Quatro Rodas (in Portuguese) (327). October 1987. Retrieved 2013-09-05.
  7. Mastrostefano, Raffaele, ed. (1990). Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1990 (in Italian). Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. p. 328.
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