Guanylin
Guanylin is a 15 amino acid polypeptide that is secreted by goblet cells in the colon. Guanylin acts as an agonist of the guanylyl cyclase receptor GC-C and regulates electrolyte and water transport in intestinal and renal epithelia.[2][3] Upon receptor binding, guanylin increases the intracellular concentration of cGMP, induces chloride secretion and decreases intestinal fluid absorption, ultimately causing diarrhoea.[4] The peptide stimulates the enzyme through the same receptor binding region as the heat-stable enterotoxins.[3]
| guanylate cyclase activator 2A (guanylin) | |
|---|---|
 Solution structure of human proguanylin.[1] | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | GUCA2A |
| Alt. symbols | GUCA2 |
| NCBI gene | 2980 |
| HGNC | 4682 |
| OMIM | 139392 |
| PDB | 1O8R |
| RefSeq | NM_033553 |
| UniProt | Q02747 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 1 p35-p34 |
| Guanylin precursor | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||||
| Symbol | Guanylin | ||||||||||
| Pfam | PF02058 | ||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000879 | ||||||||||
| SCOPe | 1uyb / SUPFAM | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Human proteins containing this domain
GUCA2A; GUCA2B;
Structure
This peptide has two topogies,[5] both isoforms are shown below:
 Structure of the A-form of human uroguanylin.[5] |
 Structure of the B-form of human uroguanylin.[5] |
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References
- PDB: 1O8R; Lauber T, Neudecker P, Rösch P, Marx UC (June 2003). "Solution structure of human proguanylin: the role of a hormone prosequence". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (26): 24118–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300370200. PMID 12707255.
- Sciaky D, Kosiba JL, Cohen MB (1994). "Genomic sequence of the murine guanylin gene". Genomics. 24 (3): 583–587. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1670. PMID 7713512.
- Goeddel DV, Kuang WJ, Henzel W, Keshav S, Gillett N, de Sauvage FJ (1992). "Precursor structure, expression, and tissue distribution of human guanylin". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (19): 9089–9093. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.19.9089. PMC 50070. PMID 1409606.
- Smith CE, Currie MG, Fok KF, Kato J, Moore RJ, Hamra FK, Duffin KL (1992). "Guanylin: an endogenous activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (3): 947–951. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.3.947. PMC 48362. PMID 1346555.
- Marx UC, Klodt J, Meyer M, et al. (September 1998). "One peptide, two topologies: structure and interconversion dynamics of human uroguanylin isomers". J. Pept. Res. 52 (3): 229–40. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.1998.tb01480.x. PMID 9774236.
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