Goniothalamus undulatus

Goniothalamus undulatus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae.[1] It is native to Thailand and Vietnam.[2][3] Henry Nicholas Ridley, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the wavy (undulatus in Latin) edges of its leaves.[4][5]

Goniothalamus undulatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Goniothalamus
Species:
G. undulatus
Binomial name
Goniothalamus undulatus

Description

It is a bush reaching 1.5 meters in height. Its oblong, hairless leaves are 17.8 by 7 centimeters with wedge shaped bases, cusped tips and wavy margins. The leaves have 11 pairs of secondary veins emanating from their midribs. Its petioles are 1 centimeters long and covered in fine hairs. Its flowers are born on pedicels that are 2.5 centimeters long. Its 3 red, oval, ribbed, hairy sepals are 0.6 centimeters long. Its flowers have 6 petals arranged in two rows of three. Its red, leathery, oval to lance-shaped, hairy outer petals are 1.5 - 3.2 by 0.6-1.75 centimeters long. The margins of the outer petals are rolled back. Its triangular, hairy inner petals are 0.9 - 1.25 centimeters long. Its flower have 10-54 carpels. Its fruit have stipes that are 6.5-16 millimeters long.[4][2]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of G. undulatus is shed as permanent tetrads.[6]

Habitat and distribution

It has been observed growing in evergreen forests at elevations of 50 to 700 meters.[2]

Uses

Bioactive molecules extracted from its roots have been reported to be cytotoxic in tests with cultured human cancer cell lines.[7]

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References
  1. "Goniothalamus undulatus Ridl". World Flora Online. World Flora Online Consortium. n.d. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  2. Saunders, Richard M. K.; Chalermglin, Piya (2008). "A synopsis of Goniothalamus species (Annonaceae) in Thailand, with descriptions of three new species". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 156 (3): 355–384. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00762.x. ISSN 0024-4074.
  3. Tagane, Shuichiro; Dang, Son Van; Yahara, Tetsukazu; Toyama, Hironori; Tran, Hop (2015). "Goniothalamus flagellistylus Tagane & V. S. Dang (Annonaceae), a new species from Mt. Hon Ba, Vietnam". PhytoKeys. 50: 1–8. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.50.4427. ISSN 1314-2003.
  4. Ridley, H.N. (1920). "On a Collection of Plants from Peninsular Siam". Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums. 10 (1919–1922): 65–126.
  5. Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot: Timber Press David & Charles. ISBN 9780881926279.
  6. Shao, Yunyun; Xu, Fengxia (2017). "Studies on pollen morphology of selected species of Annonaceae from Thailand". Grana. 57 (3): 161–177. doi:10.1080/00173134.2017.1350204. ISSN 0017-3134.
  7. Tantithanaporn, S.; Wattanapiromsakul, C.; Itharat, A.; Keawpradub, N. (2011). "Cytotoxic activity of acetogenins and styryl lactones isolated from Goniothalamus undulatus Ridl. root extracts against a lung cancer cell line (COR-L23)". Phytomedicine. 18 (6): 486–490. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.10.010. ISSN 0944-7113.
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