Goniobranchus reticulatus

Goniobranchus reticulatus is a species of colourful sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.[3][2]

Goniobranchus reticulatus
Goniobranchus cf. reticulatus, Tulamben, Bali, Indonesia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Suborder: Doridina
Superfamily: Doridoidea
Family: Chromodorididae
Genus: Goniobranchus
Species:
G. reticulatus
Binomial name
Goniobranchus reticulatus
(Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Chromodoris reticulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
  • Doris reticulata Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 (basionym)
  • Risbecia reticulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)

Distribution

This species was described from Tongatapu.[1] It has been widely reported from the Indo-West Pacific Ocean, but many of these records are now believed to be of distinct species.[4]

Description

The original description of this species, in French, translates as follows.

Very small species, twelve to fifteen lines in length, oval, with low back, and the foot of which exceeds the mantle. The entire upper part of the body is reticulated in reddish brown with lacquer spots, while the lower part is a beautiful white; the foot alone has its edge coloured yellow. The slightly pointed labial appendages are also of this colour. The tentacles are streaked and yellowish; a groove joins the two cavities which receives them. The contour of the gill cavity forms a fairly high projection at the end of the mantle. The leaflets are twelve or thirteen divisions, lanceolate, in the shape of petals. Their colour is yellow.[1]

There is considerable disagreement amongst experts over the identity of Goniobranchus reticulatus. The original description shows an animal with a white mantle, a red, reticulate pattern and a narrow white margin. The edge of the foot is yellow and the labial tentacles are tipped with yellow.[1] There are no round spots in the margin or amongst the reticulate pattern.[5] The length of the body is reported to reach 100 mm but the original description is of an animal 12-15 ligne (27-34 mm) in length.[6] A number of similar species are known to occur within the Goniobranchus tinctorius colour group.[4][7][8] The complex consists of at least 7 species and the true G. reticulatus is probably not the one normally being identified with this name.[4]

The species is hermaphroditic, with both male and female organs active at the same time. After mating, the external portion of the penis detaches, but is able to regrow within 24 hours.[9][10]

gollark: You can also use `debug` in so many ways to get around it.
gollark: `getfenv` too.
gollark: Doesn't seem to be true.
gollark: I'll have to check this.
gollark: Or using `fs.delete` or `fs.move`.

References
  1. Quoy, J.R.C., & J.P. Gaimard. 1832-1833. Voyage de découvertes de l'Astrolabe exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les annees 1826-1827-1828-1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoologie, Mollusca 2:1-686 [1832, 1833] (Doris reticulata, p. 272), Atlas, pls. 1-26 [1833] (plate 20:9-11).
  2. Bouchet, P. (2012). Goniobranchus reticulatus. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2012-05-07
  3. Rudman W.B. (1984) The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia: Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: a review of the genera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 81 (2/3): 115-273. page(s): 207 Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2012-02-26
  4. Soong, G.Y.; Wilson, N.G.; Reimer, J.D. (2020). "A species complex within the red-reticulate Goniobranchus Pease, 1866 (Nudibranchia: Doridina: Chromodorididae)". Marine Biodiversity. 50 (25). doi:10.1007/s12526-020-01048-w.
  5. Rudman, W.B., 1999 (October 30) Chromodoris tinctoria (Ruppell & Leuckart, 1828). [In] Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney.
  6. Rudman, W.B. (1984). "The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia: Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: a review of the genera". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 81 (2/3): 115–273 [207]. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1984.tb01174.x.
  7. Gosliner, T.M., Behrens, D.W. & Valdés, Á. (2008) Indo-Pacific Nudibranchs and seaslugs. A field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Washington, 426 pp. page(s): 221
  8. Johnson, R.F.; Gosliner, T.M. (2012). "Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs". PLoS ONE. 7 (4): e33479. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033479. PMC 3323602. PMID 22506002.
  9. Rebecca Morelle (12 February 2013). "Sea slug's 'disposable penis' surprises". BBC News.
  10. Sekizawa, A.; Seki, S.; Tokuzato, M.; Shiga, S.; Nakashima, Y. (2013). "Disposable penis and its replenishment in a simultaneous hermaphrodite". Biology Letters. 9 (2): 20121150. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.1150. PMC 3639767. PMID 23407499.


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