Golden Bull of 1213 (German)

On 12 July 1213, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor made a Golden Bull by which Frederick offered his obedience to the Pope and pledged himself to the principle of free canonical elections by the chapters, unhampered liberty of appeal to Rome on ecclesiastical issues, and abandonment of the traditional rights of the Crown to the personal estate of deceased bishops (Spolienrecht) and the Revenues of vacant sees (Regalienrecht).[1]

Bibliography

  • Leeper, Alexander W. (1941). History of Medieval Austria. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0404153472.
gollark: I, and many others, find the random raffle unfun.
gollark: Balanced as in "players are generally roughly equal in ability to get things" is, I believe, a good goal.
gollark: That doesn't really work either.
gollark: Arguably a game is "more fun" if it's fair and stuff.
gollark: I'm saying - no, CBs are not intrinsically better, but they're given trade value - the ability to get stuff you like - so that affects balance.

References

  1. Leeper 1941 pp. 297
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