Gerd Schaller

Gerd Schaller (born 1965 in Bamberg) is a German conductor, best known for his performing and recording rare works, including the first full recordings of Bruckner's output.

Gerd Schaller
Conductor Gerd Schaller
Born1965
Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany
Alma materWürzburg College of Music,
OccupationConductor of classical music
Years active1993–present
Known forComplete Bruckner symphonies; first recordings of rare works
Websitegerd-schaller.de

Career

Schaller studied music at the Würzburg College of Music, and medicine at the Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg.[1] He took up his first post at the Hanover Staatsoper in 1993.[1] In 1998 he became principal conductor at the Braunschweig Staatstheater, and was General Music Director at the Magdeburg Opera from 2003 to 2006.[1] Since 2006, he has worked freelance as a guest conductor with numerous orchestras, primarily in Germany, but also in the Czech Republic, Poland and Romania.[2] Schaller's repertoire includes conducting German and Italian works, including those of Richard Wagner, Richard Strauss, and Giuseppe Verdi.[1]

In 1990, Schaller established the Ebrach Summer Music Festival in Franconia, and he remains its Artistic Director. The event is staged in collaboration with BR's Studio Franken.[3]

In 2008, Schaller founded the Philharmonie Festiva. Its core of Munich Bach Soloists has been expanded with musicians from across Germany.[4]

In 2016, Gerd Schaller was unanimously selected by the Bruckner Society of America as the recipient of its Julio Kilenyi Medal of Honor.[5]

Bruckner recordings

Bruckner's Symphonies

Schaller is noted for his recordings of all of Anton Bruckner's symphonies, including versions never recorded before, for the Profil label of Edition Günter Hänssler.[6] The recordings have been praised by Ken Ward, editor of The Bruckner Journal, as "a little musical miracle."[7] Music critic David Hurwitz asserts Schaller "really is an excellent Bruckner conductor", and in reviewing Schaller's recording of Bruckner's Fifth Symphony, he states that Schaller, "doesn't put a foot wrong."[8] AllMusic, reviewing a recording of Bruckner's Fourth, Seventh and Ninth Symphonies, notes, "The live performances of all three symphonies by Gerd Schaller and the Philharmonie Festiva are first-rate, with great attention to detail and controlled pacing that give the music propulsive movement and coherence."[9] The same recording of the Fourth, Seventh and Ninth Symphonies was selected by Stereophile magazine in November 2011 as its "Recording of the Month".[10]

Schaller’s completion of Bruckner's Ninth (2016)

With the final movement of Bruckner's Ninth being a notable unfinished work, Schaller has composed his own completion of the Symphony, closely based on Bruckner's notes, taking into account all available draft materials as far back as the earliest sketches, to close the remaining gaps in the score as much as possible, using original manuscript documents of Bruckner's, and running to 736 bars. Additionally, Schaller was able to supplement archival and manuscript material with missing elements in the score by drawing on his experience as a conductor, and of applying Bruckner's compositional techniques to the recordings of the complete cycle of all the composer's eleven symphonies; so that even passages without continuous original material are in a recognisably Brucknerian style.[11] Schaller first performed his version of the finale with the Philharmonie Festiva in the abbey church at Ebrach on July 24, 2016, as part of the Ebrach Summer Music Festival.[12] Reviewing the double-CD recording of the performance, Ralph Moore writes that the performance was an, "account to vie with the very best, immeasurably enhanced by an extraordinarily rich and complex arrangement and “elaboration” of the accumulated mass of sketches and sections of score which Bruckner left behind. Even without the finale, this would have been a monumental event; the addition of Schaller's completion made it one of those musical memories to treasure", and concludes that, "Schaller certainly makes musical sense of the remnants of Bruckner’s score and the memory of my encounter with the final ten minutes of this performance remains for me one of the most thrilling musical experiences of my life."[12] Bruckner Insiders described it as "one of the bests sounds and interpretations",[13] and continued,

"Previous attempts to complete the 4th movement ended fully out of style, [...]. Not so Schaller's version. He matches first time the dimension of the symphony and manages to set a point on top for a fulminate final. And even better, this new version even has a "Reprise", that non of the others tried, although in can be found in Bruckner's sketches. Schaller created an excellent coda with a full dramatic development before it. He made like a retrospective of other Bruckner's symphony themes but citing them in an indirect and modified way. Bruckner's doctor noted that Bruckner had played for him the version of the finale on piano, where he overlapped the themes of the last symphonies. Exactly this was done by Gerd Schaller, giving the coda as much authenticity as possible from the currently available material and information."[13]

Ken Ward writes in The Bruckner Journal of Schaller's aims in embarking on his completion:

"It was the overall shape and significance of the finale, as Schaller understands it, that was the guiding consideration with respect to how to make Bruckner’s fragments and sketches performable. In conversation he was anxious to point out that this was just his view, his aim wasn’t to produce a work with pretensions to being a definitive reconstruction, and certainly not drily academic, but to use what Bruckner had written in a way that made best musical and spiritual sense to him."[11]

The fugue of the final movement is particularly central to Schaller's completion - the heightened contrapuntal tension concentrated into this fugue is used in the finale as a lead to the climax to the thematic material at the start of the symphony, transposed to the major key, and as a polythematic review of all movements as in the Eighth Symphony. Ward writes of it, "The fugue worked very well, with tension maintained and intensifying strongly. The recapitulation of the triplet horn theme, where Bruckner’s completed bifolios cease, continues and builds and then falls quiet."[11] In his completion of the coda of the final movement, Schaller draws on themes and motives from across Bruckner's works in the form of a compositional retrospective with building-blocks from earlier symphonies, choral symphonic works and thematic references to other movements of the Ninth.

Technical details for the Schaller Completion of Bruckner's Ninth

Instruments: Triple woodwind (flutes, oboes, B flat clarinets, bassoons); brass: 8 horns in F (7th/8th also in B flat; horns 4-8 alternate with Wagner tubas: 2 tenor tubas in B flat and 2 bass tubas in F), 3 trumpets in F, alto, tenor and bass trombones, contrabass tuba; timpani; strings (violin I / II, viola, cello, double-bass).[14]

Timings of the four movements are as follows:[14]

Feierlich, Misterioso: 25:54 (567 bars)
Scherzo. Bewegt, lebhaft - Trio. Schnell: 10:58 (250/264 bars)
Adagio. Langsam, feierlich: 23:00 (243 bars)
Finale. (Bewegt, doch nicht zu schnell): 24:40 (736 bars)

Schaller's completion of Bruckner's Ninth (revised 2018)

2018 Gerd Schaller revised his version of the final movement of Bruckner's Ninth from the experience of the first performance. He has attached particular importance to more clarity and clarity of the structures. As far as the orchestration is concerned, he has thinned out some passages and orchestrated others more richly. But there are also compositional changes, for example in the apotheosis of the coda. In 2019 the double-cd with the revised final movement has been released bei Profil Haenssler.[15] 2018 the score has been published by Ries & Erler, Berlin.[16]

Orchestral Version of Bruckner's Quintet

2018 Gerd Schaller has prepared an orchestral version of Bruckner's string quintet, the first for full orchestra. The original chamber polyphony of the five solo string players is retained in his strategy of arrangement, but at the same time much symphonic material is incorporated. It's a Classical-Romantic arrangement with doubled woodwinds, four horns, two trumpets, three trombones and timpani to preserve the structures of the original composition and at the same time reinforce the symphonic content.[17][18]

Rare works

Schaller's recording career has had a strong emphasis on lesser-known operas and concert rarities, including the first recordings of numerous pieces. His recordings of lesser-known operas have included Karl Goldmark's The Queen of Sheba, and Goldmark's Merlin;[19] as well as the first recording of Johann Simon Mayr's Fedra in co-operation with North German Radio.[20][21] His first recordings of other pieces include Johann von Herbeck's Great Mass.[22]

Schaller's recording of Merlin won the ECHO Klassik Prize in 2010 in the "Opera Recording of the Year (19th century)" category.[1] In addition to a CD release, his performance of Franz von Suppé's Requiem has been broadcast on German television and radio.[23]

In addition to his opera recordings, his live performances have included Alban Berg's Wozzeck, Jules Massenet's Hérodiade, Erich Wolfgang Korngold's Die tote Stadt (The Dead City), and Leoš Janáček's The Makropulos Affair.[1]

Orchestra conducting

Schaller has conducted the following orchestras:[1]

List of recordings

Recordings of Anton Bruckner's symphonies
  • Symphony in F minor of 1863 – PH 15004 (2016)[7]
  • First Symphony – Linz version of 1866 (Carragan edition) – PH12022 (2012)[24]
  • Symphony in D minor of 1869 – PH15035 (2015)[25]
  • Second Symphony – version of 1872 (Carragan edition) – PH12022 (2012)[24]
  • Third Symphony – version of 1874 (Carragan edition), premiere recording – PH12022 (2012)[24]
  • Third Symphony – version of 1890 (Schalk edition), PH18002 (2018)[26]
  • Fourth Symphony – version of 1878/80 – PH11028 (2011)[9]
  • Fourth Symphony – version of 1878/80 with final movement entitled Volksfest (traditional fair) – PH13049 (2013)[27]
  • Fifth Symphony – PH14020 (2014)[8]
  • Sixth Symphony – PH14021 (2014)[28]
  • Seventh Symphony – PH11028 (2011)[9]
  • Eighth Symphony – intermediate variant of 1888 (Carragan edition), premiere recording – PH13027 (2013)[29]
  • Ninth Symphony – with final movement completed by William Carragan in the 2010 revision – PH11028 (2011)[9]
  • Ninth Symphony – completed version; with final movement completed by Schaller (2016), premiere recording; double CD – PH16089 (2016)[30][12]
  • Ninth Symphony – completed version; with final movement completed by Schaller (rev. 2018), double CD – PH18030 (2019)[15]
  • Funeral music "To the memory of Anton Bruckner" by Otto Kitzler orchestrated by Schaller, premiere recording – PH13027 (2013)[31]

Recordings with the Munich Philharmonic Choir
  • Karl Goldmark: Merlin, premiere recording – PH09044 (2009)[32]
  • Franz von Suppé: Requiem – PH12061 (2012)[33]
  • Johann Ritter von Herbeck: Great Mass, premiere recording – PH15003 (2015)[34]
  • Anton Bruckner: Mass 3, Psalm 146, Organ works – PH16034 (2016)[35]

Other recordings
  • Ludwig van Beethoven: Symphony no. 3 – PH15030 (2015)[36]
  • Ludwig van Beethoven: Symphony no. 4 – PH15030 (2015)[36]
  • Ludwig van Beethoven: Symphony no. 7 – PH15030 (2015)[36]
  • Karl Goldmark: Symphony no. 1 "Rustic Wedding" - PH10048 (2011)[37]
  • Franz Schubert: "Unfinished" Symphony in B minor D759 in the four-movement version of William Carragan, premiere recording – PH12062 (2012)
  • Franz Schubert: "Great" Symphony in C major D944 – PH12062 (2012)
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References
  1. Schaller, Gerd (January 1, 2010). "Biographie" [Biography]. gerd-schaller.de (Personal website) (in German). Archived from the original on 2016-03-31.
  2. Heringlehner, Ralf (May 23, 2014). "Der fränkische Dirigent Gerd Schaller über die Freiheit eines Freischaffenden". Mainpost.
  3. Vollmann, Norbert (August 28, 2015). "Erfolgsgeschichte Musiksommer". Mainpost.
  4. Music, Ebracht (January 1, 2016). "PHILHARMONIE FESTIVA". Mainpost.
  5. of America, Bruckner Society (June 1, 2016). "Conductor, Gerd Schaller to Receive Kilenyi Medal". News.
  6. Ward, Ken (September 3, 2013). "Ebrach completes its Bruckner cycle in fine style". Bachtrack.
  7. Ward, Ken (June 9, 2015). "Gerd Schaller and Philharmonie Festiva perform a miracle on Bruckner's school-work". Bachtrack.
  8. Hurwitz, David (September 9, 2014). "Bruckner: Symphony No 5 / Schaller, Philharmonie Festiv". ArkivMusic.
  9. Sanderson, Blair (August 30, 2011). "Bruckner: Symphonies Nos. 4, 7 & 9". AllMusic.
  10. Lehnert, Richard (November 1, 2011). "Recording of November 2011: Bruckner Symphonies 4, 7, 9". Stereophile.
  11. Ward, Ken (October 25, 2016). "EBRACH, BAVARIA ABBEY 24 JUNE 2016; Bruckner - Symphony No. 9 (with finale supplemented from original sources and completed by Gerd Schaller), Philharmonie Festiva / Gerd Schaller" (PDF). The Bruckner Journal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2017.
  12. Moore, Ralph (December 1, 2016). "REVIEW: RECORDING OF THE MONTH - Anton BRUCKNER (1824-1896), Symphony No. 9 in D minor (1894 original version, ed. Nowak 1951, finale completed by Gerd Schaller, 2015)". MusicWeb International.
  13. Review, Completion (October 25, 2016). "Bruckner Symphony No. 9 completed by Schaller". Bruckner Insiders.
  14. Liner notes, Anton Bruckner (composer), Gerd Schaller (conductor), Philharmonie Festiva (orchestra) Symphony No. 9 in D minor (1894 original version, ed. Nowak 1951, finale completed by Gerd Schaller, 2015), rec. live July, 2016, Abteikirche, Ebrach, Upper Franconia, Germany. [Profil: PH16089], 2 December 2016.
  15. Moore, Ralph (April 2019). "Anton BRUCKNER (1824-1896) Symphony No. 9 in D minor (1894 original version, ed. Nowak 1951, finale based on original sources supplemented and completed by Gerd Schaller, revised version 2018) Philharmonie Festiva/Gerd Schaller". MusicWeb International.
  16. Gerd Schaller (2018). Symphony no. 9, supplemented after original sources and completed by Gerd Schaller. Ries & Erler, Berlin, ISMN M-013-51487-8.
  17. Lang, Matthias (November 15, 2018). "Sinfonisiert". Pizzicato.
  18. Krusch, Uwe (September 14, 2018). "Bruckners Streichquintett für symphonisches Orchester". klassic.com.
  19. Kupke, Frank (April 20, 2009). "Die Wiederbelebung des sagenumwobenen Sehers Merlin". Mainpost.
  20. Enescu, Fundatia (November 8, 2011). "Gerd Schaller". Fundatia George Enescu.
  21. Müller, Sven-David (April 4, 2008). "Opernereignis an der Oker: Fedra in Braunschweig wiederbelebt". lifePR.
  22. Ward, Ken (September 9, 2014). "A rare chance to hear Herbeck's Great Mass at Bad Kissingen". Bachtrack.
  23. Listing, Television (November 22, 2015). "Requiem von Franz von Suppé". Ard.de.
  24. Hoskins, Christian (November 1, 2011). "Bruckner – Symphonies No.1 (1866 ed. Carragan), No.2 (1872 ed. Carragan), No.3 (1874 ed. Carragan)" (PDF). The Bruckner Journal.
  25. Ward, Ken (March 10, 2015). "Bruckner's Zero triumphantly revalued by Gerd Schaller and the Philharmonie Festiva". Bachtrack.
  26. Moore, Ralph (March 2018). "Anton BRUCKNER (1824-1896) Symphony No. 3 (1890 version, ed. Schalk) Philharmonie Festiva/Gerd Schaller". MusicWeb International.
  27. Bermudez, José Luis (January 1, 2014). "Symphony #4 (with Volkfest finale)". ClassicalNet.
  28. Reinhart, Brian (March 1, 2015). "REVIEW: Anton BRUCKNER (1824–1896), Symphony No. 6 in A, WAB 106". MusicWeb International.
  29. Ward, Ken (August 1, 2012). "Bruckner's Eighth as a work-in-progress from Philharmonie Festiva". Bachtrack.
  30. Symphony No. 9 with Schaller Finale
  31. Barfoot, Terry (August 13, 2013). "REVIEW: Anton BRUCKNER (1824–1896), Symphony No. 8 (Variant of 1888, ed. Carragan) [85:42]; Otto KITZLER senior (1834–1915) & Otto KITZLER junior (1863–1931), Trauermusik (1906) (orch. Gerd Schaller) [13:37]". MusicWeb International.
  32. Campbell, Alexander (June 1, 2010). "Merlin [Premiere recording of the opera by Karl Goldmark]". Classical Source.
  33. Cookson, Michael (April 13, 2013). "REVIEW: RECORDING OF THE MONTH, Franz von SUPPÉ (1819–1895), Requiem in D minor – Missa pro defunctis (1855) ]". Classical Source.
  34. Cookson, Michael (August 1, 2015). "REVIEW: Johann von HERBECK (1831–1877), Große Messe in E minor for chorus, organ and orchestra (1866) [47.33] ]". MusicWeb International.
  35. Proffitt, John. "REVIEW: RECORDING OF THE MONTH, Anton Bruckner (1824–1896)". MusicWeb International.
  36. Listing, Official (September 4, 2015). "Beethoven: Symphonies Nos. 3, 4 & 7". Presto Classical.
  37. Kennedy, Paul (September 11, 2011). "REVIEW: Carl GOLDMARK (1830–1915), Symphony No. 1 The Rustic Wedding (1876) [43:10]". MusicWeb International.

Further reading

Schaller's completion of Bruckner's Ninth Symphony
  • August Göllerich / Max Auer, Anton Bruckner. Ein Lebens- und Schaffensbild, Regensburg 1922-37, Vol. 4/3, pp. 526, 559.
  • Rainer Boss, Anton Bruckners Neunte Symphonie d-Moll mit Finale ergänzt nach originalen Quellen und vervollständigt von Gerd Schaller, introductory note in the programme of the premiere in the Ebrach Abbey Church: Anton Bruckner (1824-1896), Symphony No. 9 in D minor WAB 109 “Dem lieben Gott”, Ebrach Summer Music Festival, programme, Abteikirche Ebrach, Sunday, July 24, 2016, pp. 5–15
  • Rainer Boss, Anton Bruckner, Neunte Symphonie d-Moll in vier Sätzen mit neuer Finale-Fassung, vervollständigt und uraufgeführt von Gerd Schaller. Ebracher Musiksommer, 24. Juli 2016, in: Internationale Bruckner-Gesellschaft. Studien&Berichte. Mitteilungsblatt 87, Vienna, December 2016.
  • Rainer Boss, "Anton Bruckners Neunte Symphonie d-Moll in 4 Sätzen. Uraufführung einer neuen Fassung mit Finale, nach originalen Quellen ergänzt und vervollständigt von Gerd Schaller", in: Bruckner Jahrbuch 2015f. ed. Andreas Lindner and Klaus Petermayr, Linz 2017.
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