Genomoviridae

Genomoviridae is a family of single stranded DNA viruses. The genomes of this family are small (2.2–2.4 kilobases in length). The genomes are circular single-stranded DNA and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique capsid proteins. In Rep-based phylogenies, genomoviruses form a sister clade to plant viruses of the family Geminiviridae.[1][2] Nine genera are currently recognized in this family.

Genomoviridae
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Repensiviricetes
Order: Geplafuvirales
Family: Genomoviridae

The family name is an acronym derived from geminivirus-like, no movement protein.

The genus name Gemycircularvirus stands for Gemini-like myco-infecting circular virus.[3][4] The type species of the genus Gemycircularvirus—Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence associated DNA virus 1—is currently the only cultivated member of the family.[1] The other genomoviruses are uncultivated and have been discovered using metagenomics techniques.[2]

Taxonomy

The genera in this family are:[5]

  • Gemycircularvirus – 43 species
  • Gemyduguivirus – 1 species
  • Gemygorvirus – 5 species
  • Gemykibivirus – 16 species
  • Gemykolovirus – 2 species
  • Gemykrogvirus – 3 species
  • Gemykroznavirus – 1 species
  • Gemytondvirus – 1 species
  • Gemyvongvirus – 1 species

Biology

These viruses have single stranded genomes of 2.1–2.2 kilobases in length. The genome encodes two proteins—a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein. The Rep protein has some homology with the Rep protein of the Geminiviridae. In contrast the CP protein has no known homologues.

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References
  1. Krupovic M, Ghabrial SA, Jiang D, Varsani A (2016). "Genomoviridae: a new family of widespread single-stranded DNA viruses". Arch Virol. 161 (9): 2633–2643. doi:10.1007/s00705-016-2943-3. PMID 27343045.
  2. Varsani, Arvind; Krupovic, Mart (2017). "Sequence-based taxonomic framework for the classification of uncultured single-stranded DNA viruses of the family Genomoviridae". Virus Evolution. 3 (1): vew037. doi:10.1093/ve/vew037. PMC 5399927. PMID 28458911.
  3. Rosario K, Dayaram A, Marinov M, Ware J, Kraberger S, Stainton D, Breitbart M, Varsani A (2012). "Diverse circular ssDNA viruses discovered in dragonflies (Odonata: Epiprocta)". J Gen Virol. 93 (12): 2668–81. doi:10.1099/vir.0.045948-0. PMID 22915694.
  4. Yu X, Li B, Fu Y, Jiang D, Ghabrial SA, Li G, Peng Y, Xie J, Cheng J, Huang J, Yi X (2010). "A geminivirus-related DNA mycovirus that confers hypovirulence to a plant pathogenic fungus". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107 (18): 8387–92. doi:10.1073/pnas.0913535107. PMC 2889581. PMID 20404139.
  5. "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
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