Gazania rigens

Gazania rigens (syn. G. splendens), sometimes called treasure flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to southern Africa. It is naturalised elsewhere and is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant.

Gazania rigens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Asterales
Family:
Asteraceae
Genus:
Gazania
Species:
G. rigens
Binomial name
Gazania rigens
Synonyms
  • Othonna rigens L.
  • Gorteria rigens L.
  • Gazania splendens hort. ex Hend. & A. A. Hend.

Description

Gazania rigens is a spreading, low-growing, half-hardy perennial, growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall and wide, with blue-grey foliage and brilliant yellow, daisy-like composite flowerheads throughout the summer. It is a herbaceous plant that is perennial in South Africa and in the Mediterranean regions, and annual in the gardens of colder regions. It rarely exceeds 30cm and forms tufts, often very abundant. Its leaves all basal, numerous, narrow and more or less lanceolate, usually entire, sometimes pennatilobed. The obverse of the leaves is shiny green, the grayish white lapel.

Like all compounds, gazania flowers in flower heads that are often taken for simple flowers. The capitula are solitary at the end of peduncles just beyond the leaves. Each capitulum is formed by a central disc of tubular flowers, surrounded by ligulate peripheral flowers, whose color is very variable. The orange-yellow flowers are however the most numerous, often with black spots at the base of the ligules. The fruit is an achene, containing several seeds.

Naturalisation

Well adapted to the Mediterranean climate, it is native to South Africa and Mozambique. It has become naturalised on the Mediterranean shores, and in places like the Azores, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, France, Portugal and Argentina. The generic name of the plant is dedicated to Theodore of Gaza (1398-1478), who translated the botanical works of Theophrastus, from Greek to Latin. It is a weed in the islands of Madeira, Sicily and Sardinia.

In Australia, where it is known as coastal gazania, the species has become naturalised on coastal dunes and roadsides in the Central Coast and Sydney regions of New South Wales as well as the coast of South East Queensland. In South Australia it is found in the southern Mount Lofty area as well as on the Eyre peninsula.[1][2]

Cultivation

Gazania rigens is grown for the brilliant yellow of its blooms which appear against blue-grey foliage in the late spring and throughout the summer. Plants prefer a sunny position and are tolerant of dryness and poor soils. Quite indifferent to the nature of the soil, it looks especially for the sun, its flower heads closing when it is in the shade or when the weather is overcast, and adapts well to drought. Flowering from March to October in the northern hemisphere, the flowers are however more numerous and larger in the spring.[3] In temperate regions this plant is usually grown as a half-hardy annual, though it can tolerate short periods of frost.

Varieties

The currently recognised varieties are:[4]

  • G. rigens (L.) Gaertn. var. leucolaena (DC.) Roessler. In cultivation, this variety is referred to as trailing gazania.
  • G. rigens (L.) Gaertn. var. rigens This variety is only found in cultivation, where it is known as clumping gazania. It is distinguished by its large 4- to 8-cm flower heads with yellow or orange rays, each with a basal eye-spot.[5]
  • G. rigens (L.) Gaertn. var. uniflora (L.f.) Roessler
  • White flower
  • Gold flower
  • Flower cluster
  • G. rigens with silver foliage
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See also

References
  1. "Weeds Australia - Weed Identification - Gazania". Archived from the original on 2008-05-14. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
  2. "Genus Gazania rigens". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
  3. Arthurs, Kathryn L. (ed.) (1979). Lawns & Groundcovers. Lane Publishing Co. ISBN 0-376-03507-2.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  4. "African plants database". Retrieved 2008-04-11.
  5. "Aluka - Entry for Gazania rigens var. uniflora L.f. Roessler family Compositae". Archived from the original on 2013-08-01. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
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