Gastrotheca andaquiensis

Gastrotheca andaquiensis, commonly known as the Andes marsupial frog,[1][2][3] is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found on the Amazonian slopes of Andes in southern Colombia and Ecuador.[1][2]

Gastrotheca andaquiensis
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Hemiphractidae
Genus:	Gastrotheca
Species:	G. andaquiensis
Binomial name
Gastrotheca andaquiensis Ruiz-Carranza & Hernández-Camacho, 1976
Synonyms[2]
Gastrotheca andaquiensis Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976 Gastrotheca humbertoi Lutz, 1977 Gastrotheca (Opisthodelphys) andaquiensis – Dubois, 1987 Gastrotheca (Opisthodelphys) humbertoi – Dubois, 1987

Description

Gastrotheca andaquiensis is a large member of its genus with a snout–vent length of 77 mm (3 in). The head has a rounded snout, a slightly projecting upper lip, a large pit below each nostril, and bluntly-pointed horn-like appendages above the eyes. The tympani are ovoid and prominent. The body is robust, with a granular skin and a mixture of larger and smaller granules. There is a deeply-sunk slit opening in the scapular region of the back leading into a brood pouch. There are spines on the heels and both fingers and toes are equipped with adhesive discs. In general, males are brown and females are green, but there is considerable variation between individuals, and a part-grown male has been observed which was pale green suffused with bronze. The irises are pale green, the tongue and interior of the mouth are blue, and the discs on fingers and toes are jade green.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Gastrotheca andaquiensis is endemic to Colombia and Ecuador on the eastern foothills of the Andes. It is an arboreal frog occurring in cloud forest in foliage near water where there are trees with plenty of epiphytic growth. Its altitudinal range is between about 1,100 and 2,000 m (3,600 and 6,600 ft).[4]

Ecology

This species is called a marsupial frog because the female carries the eggs and developing froglets in the pouch on her back.[3] About ten large eggs are laid in a clutch and after fertilisation, the male assists the female to insert them into her pouch. Here they develop directly into juvenile frogs without an intervening tadpole stage, eventually hopping away from their mother.[3]

Status

This frog has a wide range and is a moderately common species in at least parts of its range. The main threats it faces include habitat loss from livestock grazing and crop cultivation but its range includes a number of protected areas. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern", because any decrease in population size is likely to be at too slow a rate to justify classifying it in a more threatened category.[1]

References

1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Gastrotheca andaquiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T55321A85896577. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
2. Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Gastrotheca andaquiensis Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
3. Halliday, Tim (2016). The Book of Frogs: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred Species from Around the World. University of Chicago Press. p. 225. ISBN 978-0-226-18465-4.
4. Whittaker, Kellie (1 September 2010). "Gastrotheca andaquiensis". AmphibiaWeb. Retrieved 25 June 2020.