Fritillaria liliacea
Fritillaria liliacea, commonly known as fragrant fritillary, is a threatened perennial herb in the lily family. It is native to the region surrounding San Francisco Bay in California.[2][3][4]
Fragrant fritillary | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | |
(unranked): | |
(unranked): | |
Order: | |
Family: | |
Genus: | |
Species: | F. liliacea |
Binomial name | |
Fritillaria liliacea | |
Synonyms[1] | |
|
![](../I/m/Fritillaria_liliacea.jpg)
Description
The bell-shaped white flowers have greenish stripes and are set on a nodding pedicel of about 37 centimeters in height. The blossoms are odorless to faintly fragrant.[5] Fritillia liliacea prefers heavy soils including clays; for example, andesitic and basaltic soils derived from the Sonoma Volcanic soil layers are suitable substrate for this species.[6]
Distribution
The range of this wildflower is over parts of southwestern Northern California, United States, especially Solano and Sonoma counties and at coastal locations south to Monterey County; occurrence is typically in open hilly grasslands at altitudes less than 200 meters in elevation.[3][7]
This California endemic has been a candidate for listing as a U.S. federally endangered species, and some of the remaining fragmented colonies are at risk of local extinction, such that the species is considered locally endangered. Example occurrences are: Edgewood Park in San Mateo County and the Sonoma Mountains foothills in Sonoma County. Examples of highly fragmented or extirpated colonies are in San Francisco due to urban development.[8]
See also
References
- Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- Flora of North America, Vol. 26 Page 169, Fragrant fritillary, Fritillaria liliacea Lindley
- Biota of North America Program, 2014 county distribution map, Fritillaria liliacea Lindley
- Calflora taxon report, Fritillaria liliacea Lindley, fragrant fritillary
- Flora of North America: dichotomous key to Fritillia species of North America
- C.Michael Hogan, John Torrey, Brian McElroy et al., Environmental Impact Report, Southeast Santa Rosa Annexation 2-88, Earth Metrics Inc., Report 7941, California State Clearinghouse, Sacramento, Ca., March 1990
- Jepson Manual, University of California Press (1993)
- California Native Plant Society, Rare Plant Program. 2015. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants, Fritillaria liliacea
External links
- Photograph of Fritillaria liliacea, University of California @ Davis Botany club
- USDA Plant profile for Fritillaria liliacea
- Fritillariaicones.com" Fritillaria Icones Laurence Hill
- Scottish Rock Garden Club, Bulb Log 29 (2006) — photos of bulbs of this and several other species.