Francina Sorabji

Francina Ford Sorabji (1833 — October 24, 1910) was an Indian educator.

Francina Sorabji, from a 1905 publication.

Early life

Francina Santya was born to a tribal family in southern India, and converted from Hinduism and lived with Christian missionaries as a young girl.[1] She was adopted at age twelve by a British couple, Sir Francis Ford, Baronet, and his wife Cornelia Maria, Lady Ford.[2][3][4] Her adoptive mother's father was Sir Ralph Darling, the British army officer who became a controversial Governor of New South Wales.[5][6]

Career

Francina Sorabji founded the Victoria High School for girls at Poona, at first in her own home, and later in a separate stone building. The school was co-educational and enrolled all ages from young children to college-aged youth. At its peak Victoria High School counted a student body of 400. Her own daughters were among the first students.[7] She founded two other schools in Poona: one with teaching in Marathi for Hindu children, and one with teaching in Urdu for Muslim children; these were run by her daughters Zuleika, Susie, and Lena. Another daughter, Mary Sorabji, taught at the High School for Indian Girls in Poona.[2][8] She encouraged her students, and her seven daughters, into high education and professions, including law, medicine, and midwifery.[9][10]

Francina Sorabji also ran a teacher-training program. She went to England to fundraise for her work in Poona in 1886, and testified before a British commission on education in India. She fostered orphans and welcomed widows and their children into her household. During an outbreak of plague in 1896, she helped to introduce preventive public health and sanitation practices in villages near Poona.[2]

Personal life

Francina Ford married Sorabji Karsedji, a Parsi Christian missionary, in 1853. Two of their children died in infancy; their seven surviving children included lawyer Cornelia Sorabji, educator Susie Sorabji, and medical doctor Alice Maude Sorabji Pennell.[11] Francina Ford Sorabji was widowed in 1894, retired to Nashik in 1906, and died in 1910, aged 67 years.[2][12] Philosopher Sir Richard Sorabji is her grandson.[2]

References

1. Brinks, Ellen (2016-04-15). Anglophone Indian Women Writers, 1870–1920. Routledge. ISBN 9781317180913.
2. Richard Sorabji, Opening Doors: The Untold Story of Cornelia Sorabji, Reformer, Lawyer and Champion of Women's Rights in India (Penguin Books India 2010): 8-16. ISBN 9781848853751
3. Antoinette Burton, At the Heart of the Empire: Indians and the Colonial Encounter in Late-Victorian Britain (University of California Press 1998): 115. ISBN 9780520209589
4. Cornelia Sorabji, India calling: The memories of Cornelia Sorabji (Nisbet and Company 1934): 7-8.
5. Mary Jane Mossman, The First Women Lawyers: A Comparative Study of Gender, Law and the Legal Professions (Bloomsbury Publishing 2006): 193, note 6. ISBN 9781847310958
6. "Darling, Sir Ralph (1772–1858)", Australian Dictionary of Biography (National Centre of Biography, Australian National University); published first in hardcopy 1966, accessed online 2 November 2018.)
7. Padma Anagol, The Emergence of Feminism in India, 1850-1920 (Ashgate 2005): 228-229. ISBN 9780754634119
8. Delevan L. Pierson, "Some Modern Indian Idealists" The Chautauquan (October 1905): 150.
9. Leslie A. Flemming, "Between Two Worlds: Self-Construction and Self-Identity in the Writings of Three Nineteenth-Century Indian Christian Women" in Nita Kumar, ed., Women as Subjects: South Asian Histories (University of Virginia Press 1994): 90-91. ISBN 9780813915227
10. Tim Allender, Learning femininity in colonial India, 1820-1932 (Oxford University Press 2016): 191. ISBN 9781784996987
11. "Alice Maude Sorabji Pennell" Making Britain (The Open University).
12. Correspondence and papers of and concerning Cornelia Sorabji's mother Francina Sorabji, mainly about her death and funeral in 1910, British Library.