Fedor Polikarpov-Orlov

Fedor Polikarpov-Orlov (c. 1660 – 12 January 1731) was a Russian writer, translator, and printer.[1] He is most noted for his Slavonic Bukvar (Primer) that was widely used by Slavic-speakers (Poles, Ruthenians, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Bulgars) both in Europe and throughout the Russian Empire. The historic significance of the 1701 Primer as a sample of book-printing trade lies in the fact that it was the first time in the history of Moscow book-printing that it was attempted to teach students the elements of not only one language but of three at the same time: Slavic, Greek and Latin.

Polikarpov-Orlov graduated from the Slavic Greek Latin Academy in his birthplace of Moscow[1] and later taught grammar, rhetoric, and poetic theory at the same academy. Between 1698 and 1722 he was first a proofreader at the Pechatnyi Dvor (Moscow Print Yard) and then he became the printshop director.[1] From 1726 to 1731 he was director of the Synodal Printing House in Moscow. Polikarpov-Orlov’s best-known work – Slavonic-Greek-Latin Primer (1701)[2] and the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Lexicon (1704) –[3] are the most important monuments of East Slavonic lexicography and history and sources of trilingual elementary education in Russia and Eastern Europe, especially among the Serbs in the 1700s.[4] His other works include Historical Information on the Moscow Academy (1726), an appendix to The Grammar Book of Meletius Smotrytsky (1721),[5] and the first essay on the history of Russian printing. He also helped edit the first Russian newspaper, Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti.[6] Among the best known works translated by Polikarpov-Orlov is the 1650 Geography of Bernhardus Varenius (Geographia Generalis).[7]

References
  • Brailovskii, S. N. “F. P. Polikarpov-Orlov—direktor Moskovskoi tipografii.” Zhurnal Ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniia, 1894, nos. 9–11.
  • Fursenko, V. V. “Polikarpov-Orlov.” In Russkii biograficheskii slovar’ [vol. 14]. St. Petersburg, 1905.
  • Luppov, S. P. Kniga v Rossii v I-i chetv. 18 v. Leningrad, 1973.
  1. Donnert, Erich (8 January 1986). "Russia in the Age of Enlightenment". Edition Leipzig. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via Google Books.
  2. Polikarpov (-Orlov), Fedor Polikarpovič (8 January 2019). "Bukvar'". Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via Google Books.
  3. Polikarpov-Orlov, Fedor P. "Треязычный лексикон". Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via Google Books.
  4. "Kiprijan Račanin". 7 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via Wikipedia.
  5. Koerner, E. F. K. (1 January 1980). "Progress in Linguistic Historiography: Papers from the International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences, Ottawa, 28-31 August 1978". John Benjamins Publishing. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via Google Books.
  6. "The first issue of «Vedomosti» published in Saint-Petersburg". Visit-petersburg.ru. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  7. "Polikarpov-Orlov, Fëdor Polikarpovich approximately 1660-1731 : Overview". -Worldcat.org. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
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