Fatimah binte Sulaiman

Hajjah Fatimah binte Sulaiman (1754? – 1852?), also known as Hajjah Fatimah and as the "Sultana of Gowa", was a Singaporean merchant and philanthropist. After the death of her second husband, she combined his business with her own boats and built it into a successful naval trading operation. Fatimah is best known for commissioning the mosque that bears her name, Masjid Hajjah Fatimah. In recognition of her philanthropy in funding the creation of the mosque, as well as homes for the poor that were adjacent to it, Fatimah was inducted into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame in 2014.

Her Masjid in Singapore.

Background

Fatimah binte Sulaiman was born in Malacca, Malaysia, to a family of successful traders. Her year of birth is not certain, but is believed to be 1754. After the collapse of an unsuccessful first marriage, she married Daing Chanda Pulih, a Bugis prince and merchant from South Sulawesi (then known as Celebes).[1][2] Pulih had a trading post in Singapore, and brought Fatimah binte Sulaiman with him to the island.[3] Pulih died while Fatimah was still young, and she combined his business with her own boats and built a successful steamship and sailboat-based trading operation.[4][5]

Before her husband died, Fatimah had a daughter with him, Raja Siti. Raja would go on to marry Sayyid Ahmad ibn ‘Abdur-Rahman As-Saqqaf, whose family would become known for their philanthropy, like Fatimah herself.[1][5]

Fatimah is commonly referred to as "Hajjah Fatimah", indicating that she made the a pilgrimage to Mecca, or Hajj.[5] The exact date of her death is unknown, but her family claims that Fatimah lived to the age of 98.[1] She is buried on the grounds of the Masjid Hajjah Fatimah, along with her husband, her daughter and son-in-law's, and several of their descendants.[1][2][6]

Masjid Hajjah Fatimah

Fatimah's wealth led to her becoming known as the "Sultana of Gowa". It also made her residence in Kampong Glam the target of thieves, who burgled it twice and set it on fire during the second burglary.[1][3] After the fire, Fatimah — thankful that she was not present for the burglaries and thus was not harmed — donated money and the land that her house was on in provide for the construction of a mosque, which became the Masjid Hajjah Fatimah. Fatimah rebuilt her own house, and also funded the construction of houses for the poor, in the land adjacent to the new.[2] The Masjid Hajjah Fatimah is one of only a small number of mosques that are named after women.[6]

For her philanthropy and role in establishing the mosque that bears her name, Hajjah Fatimah binte Sulaiman was inducted into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame in 2014, the Hall of Fame's inaugural year.[4] She had previously been honored in a nine-member Wall of Fame that evolved into the larger Hall of Fame.[2][4]

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References
  1. Azrah, Edian (2003). "Hajjah Fatimah". Singapore Infopedia. National Library Board. Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  2. "Hajjah Fatimah binte Sulaiman". Singapore Women's Hall of Fame. Singapore Council of Women's Organisations. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  3. Ho, Joyce (15 June 2012). "Hajjah Fatimah Mosque". ComeSingapore.com. Travelogy. Archived from the original on 23 December 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  4. "The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame". Singapore Women's Hall of Fame. Singapore Council of Women's Organisations. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
  5. "Masjid Hajjah Fatimah". National Heritage Board. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  6. "Hajjah Fatimah Mosque". National Heritage Board. Archived from the original on 22 November 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
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