Farfantepenaeus aztecus

Farfantepenaeus aztecus is a species of marine penaeid shrimps found around the east coast of the USA and Mexico.[2] They are an important commercial species in the USA. The FAO refers to them as the northern brown shrimp; other common names, used in the USA, are brown shrimp, golden shrimp, red shrimp or redtail shrimp.[2][3]

Farfantepenaeus aztecus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Subphylum:
Crustacea
Class:
Malacostraca
Order:
Decapoda
Family:
Penaeidae
Genus:
Farfantepenaeus
Species:
F. aztecus
Binomial name
Farfantepenaeus aztecus
(Ives, 1891) [1]

Distribution

Farfantepenaeus aztecus are found along the USA Atlantic coast from Massachusetts to Texas, and along the Atlantic coast of Mexico from Tamaulipas to Campeche.[2] They live at depths of 4–160 metres (13–525 ft), with highest densities at 27–54 m (89–177 ft), on muddy, peat, sandy or clay bottoms, or amongst broken shells. Juveniles are found in marine or estuarine waters, while adults are marine.[2] This species has now been confirmed to occur in the Mediterranean, probably introduced in ship's ballast water, where it seems to be spreading and may threaten stocks of the native Melicertus kerathurus .[4] In the southern coast of Sicily (central Mediterranean Sea), the species appears well established.[5]

Description

Females reach a total length of 236 mm (9.3 in) and males 195 mm (7.7 in).[2]

Fishery
Global capture of Farfantepenaeus aztecus in thousand tonnes reported by the FAO, 1950–2010[6]

In the United States, 80,000,000 pounds (36,000 t) of F. aztecus were landed in 2010, more than half of which was from the state of Texas.[3]

Taxonomy

Farfantepenaeus aztecus was first described by J. E. Ives in an 1891 paper in the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, as a variety of "Penæus brasiliensis" (now Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis).[7] The type locality was Veracruz, on the Mexico's Gulf coast .[7] He distinguished the new variety on the basis of the extreme lengths of the antennal flagellum, which is 7–10× longer than the length of the carapace.[7] "P. aztecus" was later treated as a full species, and when he erected the subgenus Farfantepenaeus, Rudolf Burukovsky included "P. aztecus" among the species included in that subgenus.[8] Farfantepenaeus was later raised to the rank of genus by Isabel Pérez Farfante and Brian Kensley, giving the species its current name of Farfantepenaeus aztecus.[9]

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References
  1. De Grave, S (2012). "Farfantepenaeus aztecus". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  2. "Species Fact Sheets: Penaeus aztecus (Ives, 1891)". Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  3. Brown shrimp NOAA FishWatch. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  4. Danilo Scannella1; Fabio Falsone; Michele Luca Geraci; Carlo Froglia; Fabio Fiorentino; Giovan Battista Giusto; Bruno Zava; Gianni Insacco; Francesco Colloca (2017). "First report of Northern brown shrimp Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 in Strait of Sicily (in press)" (PDF). BioInvasions Records. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-01-03. Retrieved 2017-01-02.
  5. Thodoros E Kampouris; Francesco Tiralongo; Aleksander Golemaj; Ioannis Giovos; Nikos Doumpas; Ioannis E Batjakas (2018). "Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 (Decapoda, Dendrobranchiata, Penaeidae): On the range expansion in Sicilian waters and on the first record from Albanian coast" (PDF). International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies. 6 (4): 468–471.
  6. Based on data sourced from the FishStat database, FAO.
  7. J. E. Ives (1891). "Crustacea from the northern coast of Yucatan, the harbor of Vera Cruz, the west coast of Florida and the Bermuda Islands". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 43: 176–207. JSTOR 4061707.
  8. Rudolf N. Burukovsky (1997). "Selection of a type species for Farfantepenaeus Burukovsky (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 110 (1): 154.
  9. Isabel Pérez Farfante & Brian Kensley (1997). Penaeoid and Sergestoid Shrimps and Prawns of the World: Keys and Diagnoses for the Families and Genera. Washington, D.C.: National Museum of Natural History. ISBN 2-85653-510-0.
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