FOX-7

FOX-7
Names
	IUPAC name 2,2-Dinitroethene-1,1-diamine
	Other names FOX-7; FOX7
Identifiers
CAS Number	145250-81-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	467536;
ECHA InfoCard	100.130.630
EC Number	604-466-1;
PubChem CID	536770;
UNII	3B2KYV7C3F;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70894014 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2H4N4O4/c3-1(4)2(5(7)8)6(9)10/h3-4H2 Key: FUHQFAMVYDIUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES N/C(N)=C([N+]([O-])=O)\[N+]([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H4N4O4
Molar mass	148.08
Density	1.885 g cm−3
Melting point	238 °C (460 °F; 511 K) (decomposes)
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H201, H228, H302
GHS precautionary statements	P210, P230, P240, P241, P250, P264, P270, P280, P301+312, P330, P370+378, P370+380, P372, P373, P401, P501
Explosive data
Detonation velocity	8870 m/s at density 1.885 g cm−3 (estimated); 8335 m/s at density 1.756 g cm−3 (measured, small-scale testing)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

FOX-7 or 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE)[1] is an insensitive high explosive compound. It was first synthesized in 1998 by the Swedish National Defence Research Institute (FOA).[2]

FOX-7 is similar to the insensitive chemical compound TATB, which is a benzene ring compound with three amino and three nitro groups.[3] FOX-7 has a two-carbon backbone rather than a benzene ring, but the amino and nitro groups have similar effects in both cases according to published reports on sensitivity and chemical decay processes of FOX-7. FOX-7 is today produced by Eureco Bofors AB in Sweden.[4]

Its explosive properties appear extremely favorable; in addition to its insensitive properties, the detonation velocity of mixtures of 80% FOX-7 plus binders is as high as Composition B, and nearly pure FOX-7 based plastic bonded explosives are slightly superior to RDX.[5] FOX-7 has been calculated to have a detonation velocity of 8,870 m/s.[6]

Due to its small-scale production, the cost of FOX-7 is relatively high. However, the production is based on commercial starting material and the synthesis is uncomplicated.[7] The price is therefore predicted to fall as production scale increases. There is no current full scale use of FOX-7, but it is being tested at several military research centers. The need for less sensitive munitions is favorable, and therefore the most important incentive for testing FOX-7 explosive.

References

US Patent 6340780 - Method of preparing salts of dinitromethane
Bemm, U.; Östmark, H. (1998) "1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene: a Novel Energetic Material with Infinite Layers in Two Dimensions". Acta Cryst C54: 1997-1999. doi:10.1107/S0108270198007987.
Hervé, Grégoire; Jacob, Guy; Latypov, Nikolaj (2005). "The reactivity of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7)". Tetrahedron. 61 (28): 6743. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2005.05.010.
Anniyappan, M.; Talawar, M.B.; Gore, G.M.; Venugopalan, S.; Gandhe, B.R. (2006). "Synthesis, characterization and thermolysis of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) and its salts". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 137 (2): 812–9. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.034. PMID 16701943.
Latypov, Nikolai V.; Bergman, Jan; Langlet, Abraham; Wellmar, Ulf; Bemm, Ulf (1998). "Synthesis and reactions of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene". Tetrahedron. 54 (38): 11525–11536. doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00673-5.
Detonation and Sensitivity Properties of FOX-7 and Formulations Containing FOX-7, Karlsson et al., 2002, accessed Aug 25, 2005
US Patent 6312538 - Chemical compound suitable for use as an explosive, intermediate and method for preparing the compound

FOX-7

References

Further reading