FLT3LG

Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3LG) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FLT3LG gene.[5][6][7]

FLT3LG
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ETE, 3QS7, 3QS9
Identifiers
Aliases	FLT3LG, FL, FLT3L, fms related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, FLG3L, fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 ligand
External IDs	OMIM: 600007 MGI: 95560 HomoloGene: 48021 GeneCards: FLT3LG
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.33 Start 49,474,207 bp[1] End 49,486,231 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7 B3|7 29.14 cM Start 45,129,788 bp[2] End 45,136,432 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • cytokine activity • protein homodimerization activity • receptor tyrosine kinase binding • receptor binding • Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity • 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • membrane • intrinsic component of external side of plasma membrane • cell membrane • cell surface • extracellular region • extracellular • intracellular Biological process • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation • positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation • lymphocyte differentiation • positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow • negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow • positive regulation of myoblast fusion • positive regulation of cell cycle • positive regulation of myoblast differentiation • positive regulation of cell proliferation • embryonic hemopoiesis • homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue • regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation • signal transduction • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of osteoclast proliferation • regulation of receptor activity • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation • MAPK cascade • phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2323	14256
Ensembl	ENSG00000090554	ENSMUSG00000110206
UniProt	P49771	P49772
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001204502 NM_001204503 NM_001278637 NM_001278638 NM_001459	NM_013520
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001191431 NP_001191432 NP_001265566 NP_001265567 NP_001450 NP_001191431.1	NP_038548
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 49.47 – 49.49 Mb	Chr 7: 45.13 – 45.14 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Flt3 ligand (FL) is a hematopoietic four helical bundle cytokine. It is structurally homologous to stem cell factor (SCF) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1). In synergy with other growth factors, Flt3 ligand stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of various blood cell progenitors. For example, it is a major growth factor stimulating the growth of dendritic cells.[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000090554 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000110206 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: FLT3LG fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand".
6. Hannum C, Culpepper J, Campbell D, McClanahan T, Zurawski S, Bazan JF, Kastelein R, Hudak S, Wagner J, Mattson J (April 1994). "Ligand for FLT3/FLK2 receptor tyrosine kinase regulates growth of haematopoietic stem cells and is encoded by variant RNAs". Nature. 368 (6472): 643–8. doi:10.1038/368643a0. PMID 8145851.
7. Lyman SD, James L, Escobar S, Downey H, de Vries P, Brasel K, Stocking K, Beckmann MP, Copeland NG, Cleveland LS (January 1995). "Identification of soluble and membrane-bound isoforms of the murine flt3 ligand generated by alternative splicing of mRNAs". Oncogene. 10 (1): 149–57. PMID 7824267.
8. Harsuncky, H (Jul 21, 2003). "Flt3 Ligand Regulates Dendritic Cell Development from Flt3+ Lymphoid and Myeloid-committed Progenitors to Flt3+ Dendritic Cells In Vivo". J Exp Med. 198: 305–13. doi:10.1084/jem.20030323. PMC 2194067. PMID 12874263.

Further reading

• Lyman SD, James L, Vanden Bos T, et al. (1994). "Molecular cloning of a ligand for the flt3/flk-2 tyrosine kinase receptor: a proliferative factor for primitive hematopoietic cells". Cell. 75 (6): 1157–67. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90325-K. PMID 7505204.
• Lyman SD, Stocking K, Davison B, et al. (1995). "Structural analysis of human and murine flt3 ligand genomic loci". Oncogene. 11 (6): 1165–72. PMID 7566977.
• Lyman SD, James L, Escobar S, et al. (1995). "Identification of soluble and membrane-bound isoforms of the murine flt3 ligand generated by alternative splicing of mRNAs". Oncogene. 10 (1): 149–57. PMID 7824267.
• Hannum C, Culpepper J, Campbell D, et al. (1994). "Ligand for FLT3/FLK2 receptor tyrosine kinase regulates growth of haematopoietic stem cells and is encoded by variant RNAs". Nature. 368 (6472): 643–8. doi:10.1038/368643a0. PMID 8145851.
• Lyman SD, James L, Johnson L, et al. (1994). "Cloning of the human homologue of the murine flt3 ligand: a growth factor for early hematopoietic progenitor cells". Blood. 83 (10): 2795–801. PMID 8180375.
• Slanicka Krieger M, Nissen C, Manz CY, et al. (1998). "The membrane-bound isoform of stem cell factor synergizes with soluble flt3 ligand in supporting early hematopoietic cells in long-term cultures of normal and aplastic anemia bone marrow". Exp. Hematol. 26 (5): 365–73. PMID 9590652.
• Graddis TJ, Brasel K, Friend D, et al. (1998). "Structure-function analysis of FLT3 ligand-FLT3 receptor interactions using a rapid functional screen". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (28): 17626–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.28.17626. PMID 9651358.
• Solanilla A, Grosset C, Lemercier C, et al. (2000). "Expression of Flt3-ligand by the endothelial cell". Leukemia. 14 (1): 153–62. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2401635. PMID 10637491.
• Savvides SN; Boone T; Karplus P.A. (2000). "Flt3 ligand structure and unexpected commonalities of helical bundles and cystine knots". Nat. Struct. Biol. 7 (6): 486–91. doi:10.1038/75896. PMID 10881197.
• Chklovskaia E, Nissen C, Landmann L, et al. (2001). "Cell-surface trafficking and release of flt3 ligand from T lymphocytes is induced by common cytokine receptor gamma-chain signaling and inhibited by cyclosporin A". Blood. 97 (4): 1027–34. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.4.1027. PMID 11159533.
• Agrawal DK, Hopfenspirger MT, Chavez J, Talmadge JE (2002). "Flt3 ligand: a novel cytokine prevents allergic asthma in a mouse model". Int. Immunopharmacol. 1 (12): 2081–9. doi:10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00122-9. PMID 11710537.
• Li H, Cai Y, Xu J (2002). "[Localization of a FLT3 ligand isoform in human tissues]". Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 20 (6): 285–7. PMID 11721383.
• Feugier P, Jo DY, Shieh JH, et al. (2003). "Ex vivo expansion of stem and progenitor cells in co-culture of mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells on human endothelium transfected with adenovectors expressing thrombopoietin, c-kit ligand, and Flt-3 ligand". J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res. 11 (1): 127–38. doi:10.1089/152581602753448595. PMID 11847009.
• O'Keeffe M, Hochrein H, Vremec D, et al. (2002). "Effects of administration of progenipoietin 1, Flt-3 ligand, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and pegylated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on dendritic cell subsets in mice". Blood. 99 (6): 2122–30. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.6.2122. PMID 11877288.
• Retzlaff S, Padró T, Koch P, et al. (2002). "Interleukin 8 and Flt3 ligand as markers of advanced disease in primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". Oncol. Rep. 9 (3): 525–7. doi:10.3892/or.9.3.525. PMID 11956621.
• Sigurjónsson OE, Gudmundsson KO, Haraldsdóttir V, et al. (2003). "Flt3/Flk-2-ligand in synergy with thrombopoietin delays megakaryocyte development and increases the numbers of megakaryocyte progenitor cells in serum-free cultures initiated with CD34+ cells". J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res. 11 (2): 389–400. doi:10.1089/152581602753658574. PMID 11983110.
• Vávrová J, Vokurková D, Mareková M, et al. (2002). "Antiapoptotic cytokine IL-3 + SCF + FLT3L influence on proliferation of gamma-irradiated AC133+/CD34+ progenitor cells". Folia Biol. (Praha). 48 (2): 51–7. PMID 12002675.
• Testa U, Torelli GF, Riccioni R, et al. (2002). "Human acute stem cell leukemia with multilineage differentiation potential via cascade activation of growth factor receptors". Blood. 99 (12): 4634–7. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.12.4634. PMID 12036900.
• Mosca PJ, Hobeika AC, Colling K, et al. (2002). "Multiple signals are required for maturation of human dendritic cells mobilized in vivo with Flt3 ligand". J. Leukoc. Biol. 72 (3): 546–53. PMID 12223523.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.