FLOT2

Flotillin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLOT2 gene.[5][6] Flotillin 2 (flot-2) is a highly conserved protein isolated from caveolae/lipid raft domains that tether growth factor receptors linked to signal transduction pathways. Flot-2 binds to PAR-1, a known upstream mediator of major signal transduction pathways implicated in cell growth and metastasis, and may influence tumour progression.[7]

FLOT2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1WIN
Identifiers
Aliases	FLOT2, ECS-1, ECS1, ESA, ESA1, M17S1, flotillin 2
External IDs	OMIM: 131560 MGI: 103309 HomoloGene: 3293 GeneCards: FLOT2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q11.2 Start 28,879,335 bp[1] End 28,897,733 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 B5|11 46.74 cM Start 78,037,931 bp[2] End 78,060,434 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • protease binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein heterodimerization activity • ionotropic glutamate receptor binding Cellular component • vesicle • endosome • membrane • cell-cell contact zone • focal adhesion • endocytic vesicle • acrosomal membrane • flotillin complex • uropod • basolateral plasma membrane • apical plasma membrane • cortical actin cytoskeleton • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • caveola • membrane raft • extracellular exosome • cytoplasmic vesicle • lamellipodium • cell membrane • dendrite cytoplasm • synapse • glutamatergic synapse • anchored component of presynaptic active zone membrane Biological process • positive regulation of establishment of T cell polarity • regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway • regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion • protein stabilization • negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process • negative regulation of gene expression • protein localization to plasma membrane raft • cell adhesion • membrane raft assembly • regulation of myoblast differentiation • epidermis development • protein localization to plasma membrane • anterograde dendritic transport • regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2319	14252
Ensembl	ENSG00000132589	ENSMUSG00000061981
UniProt	Q14254	Q60634
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004475 NM_001330170	NM_001040403 NM_001284227 NM_001284228 NM_008028 NM_001362625 NM_001362626 NM_001362627
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001317099 NP_004466	NP_001035493 NP_001271156 NP_001271157 NP_032054 NP_001349554 NP_001349555 NP_001349556
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 28.88 – 28.9 Mb	Chr 11: 78.04 – 78.06 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Caveolae are small domains on the inner cell membrane involved in vesicular trafficking and signal transduction. This gene encodes a caveolae-associated, integral membrane protein, which is thought to function in neuronal signaling.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132589 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000061981 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Schroeder WT, Siciliano MJ, Stewart-Galetka SL, Duvic M (Feb 1992). "The human gene for an epidermal surface antigen (M17S1) is located at 17q11-12". Genomics. 11 (2): 481–2. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90166-C. PMID 1769667.
6. "Entrez Gene: FLOT2 flotillin 2".
7. Hazarika P, McCarty MF, Prieto VG, George S, Babu D, Koul D, Bar-Eli M, Duvic M (Oct 2004). "Up-regulation of Flotillin-2 is associated with melanoma progression and modulates expression of the thrombin receptor protease activated receptor 1". Cancer Res. 64 (20): 7361–9. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0823. PMID 15492257.

Further reading

• Schroeder WT, Stewart-Galetka S, Mandavilli S, et al. (1994). "Cloning and characterization of a novel epidermal cell surface antigen (ESA)". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (31): 19983–91. PMID 8051082.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Volonte D, Galbiati F, Li S, et al. (1999). "Flotillins/cavatellins are differentially expressed in cells and tissues and form a hetero-oligomeric complex with caveolins in vivo. Characterization and epitope-mapping of a novel flotillin-1 monoclonal antibody probe". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (18): 12702–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.18.12702. PMID 10212252.
• Hazarika P, Dham N, Patel P, et al. (1999). "Flotillin 2 is distinct from epidermal surface antigen (ESA) and is associated with filopodia formation". J. Cell. Biochem. 75 (1): 147–59. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19991001)75:1<147::AID-JCB15>3.0.CO;2-D. PMID 10462713.
• Salzer U, Prohaska R (2001). "Stomatin, flotillin-1, and flotillin-2 are major integral proteins of erythrocyte lipid rafts". Blood. 97 (4): 1141–3. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.4.1141. PMID 11159550.
• Solomon S, Masilamani M, Rajendran L, et al. (2002). "The lipid raft microdomain-associated protein reggie-1/flotillin-2 is expressed in human B cells and localized at the plasma membrane and centrosome in PBMCs". Immunobiology. 205 (1): 108–19. doi:10.1078/0171-2985-00114. PMID 11999340.
• Wistow G, Bernstein SL, Wyatt MK, et al. (2002). "Expressed sequence tag analysis of human RPE/choroid for the NEIBank Project: over 6000 non-redundant transcripts, novel genes and splice variants". Mol. Vis. 8: 205–20. PMID 12107410.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Shin BK, Wang H, Yim AM, et al. (2003). "Global profiling of the cell surface proteome of cancer cells uncovers an abundance of proteins with chaperone function". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7607–16. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210455200. PMID 12493773.
• Lehner B, Semple JI, Brown SE, et al. (2004). "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. PMID 14667819.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Hazarika P, McCarty MF, Prieto VG, et al. (2004). "Up-regulation of Flotillin-2 is associated with melanoma progression and modulates expression of the thrombin receptor protease activated receptor 1". Cancer Res. 64 (20): 7361–9. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0823. PMID 15492257.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Bracho C, Dunia I, Romano M, et al. (2006). "Caveolins and flotillin-2 are present in the blood stages of Plasmodium vivax". Parasitol. Res. 99 (2): 153–9. doi:10.1007/s00436-006-0139-6. PMID 16521037.
• Doherty SD, Prieto VG, George S, et al. (2007). "High flotillin-2 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis and Breslow depth in melanoma". Melanoma Res. 16 (5): 461–3. doi:10.1097/01.cmr.0000222592.75858.20. PMID 17013097.
• Jiang M, Ding Y, Su Y, et al. (2007). "Arginase-flotillin interaction brings arginase to red blood cell membrane". FEBS Lett. 580 (28–29): 6561–4. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.11.003. PMID 17113085.
• Sugawara Y, Nishii H, Takahashi T, et al. (2007). "The lipid raft proteins flotillins/reggies interact with Galphaq and are involved in Gq-mediated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation through tyrosine kinase". Cell. Signal. 19 (6): 1301–8. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.01.012. PMID 17307333.
• Langhorst MF, Solis GP, Hannbeck S, et al. (2007). "Linking membrane microdomains to the cytoskeleton: regulation of the lateral mobility of reggie-1/flotillin-2 by interaction with actin". FEBS Lett. 581 (24): 4697–703. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.08.074. PMID 17854803.
• Rajendran L, Beckmann J, Magenau A, et al. (2009). "Flotillins are involved in the polarization of primitive and mature hematopoietic cells". PLoS ONE. 4 (12): e8290. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008290. PMC 2794375. PMID 20027317.
• Pust S, Dyve AB, Torgersen ML, et al. (2010). "Interplay between toxin transport and flotillin localization". PLoS ONE. 5 (1): e8844. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008844. PMC 2809741. PMID 20107503.
• Stuermer CA (2010). "The reggie/flotillin connection to growth". Trends Cell Biol. 20 (1): 6–13. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2009.10.003. PMID 19896850.
• Solis GP, Malaga-Trillo E, Plattner H, et al. (2010). "Cellular roles of the prion protein in association with reggie/flotillin microdomains" (PDF). Front. Biosci. 15: 1075–85. doi:10.2741/3662. PMID 20515742.
• Ludwig A, Otto GP, Riento K, et al. (2010). "Flotillin microdomains interact with the cortical cytoskeleton to control uropod formation and neutrophil recruitment". J. Cell Biol. 191 (4): 771–84. doi:10.1083/jcb.201005140. PMC 2983060. PMID 21059848.
• Cornfine S, Himmel M, Kopp P, et al. (2011). "The kinesin KIF9 and reggie/flotillin proteins regulate matrix degradation by macrophage podosomes". Mol Biol Cell. 22 (2): 202–15. doi:10.1091/mbc.E10-05-0394. PMC 3020916. PMID 21119006.
• Ge L, Qi W, Wang LJ, Miao HH, et al. (2011). "Flotillins play an essential role in Niemann-Pick C1-like 1-mediated cholesterol uptake". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108 (2): 551–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.1014434108. PMC 3021008. PMID 21187433.
• Song J, Chen W, Lu Z, et al. (2011). "Soluble expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant human flotillin-2 (reggie-1) in Escherichia coli". Mol Biol Rep. 38 (3): 2091–8. doi:10.1007/s11033-010-0335-4. PMID 20857209.