Expedition of Ali ibn Abi Talib (Mudhij)

Expedition of Ali ibn Abi Talib,[1] to Mudhij took place in 10AH, Ramadan of the Islamic Calendar,[2] Around December 631 AD.[3]

The event is mentioned by the Muslim jurist Tabari.[4] The event is also partly mentioned in the Sunni Hadith collection Sahih al-Bukhari.[5]

Military Expedition

Ali was sent in December with 300 armed horsemen, to invite the people of Yemen to Islam. Ali was instructed by Muhammad to not engage them in fighting: "go and do not look back, if you reach their place, do not fight them unless they attack you". Ali sent out his men, they obtained spoils of war, women, children, camels and flock. Once he met with the people, he invited them to Islam. They rejected him and launched an attack with arrows and rocks. Ali and his men then charged back at them and killed 20 of their men, so they fled. Ali held back the army from pursuing the fleeing enemy and invited them once more to Islam. They quickly responded and pledged allegiance to him[6]. The tribe did this quickly and submitted themselves to Muadz, Muhammad's envoy in Yemen.[7]

Islamic primary sources

The event is mentioned by the Muslim jurist Tabari, he wrote:[8]

The Messenger of God dispatched Ali b. Abi Talib with an army to the Yemen in Ramadan.

Sahih al-Bukhari, a Sunni scholar, mentions:[9]

Allah's Apostle said to Muadh when he sent him to Yemen, "You will go to the people of the Scripture. So, when you reach there, invite them to testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and that Muhammad is His Apostle. And if they obey you in that, tell them that Allah has enjoined on them five prayers in each day and night. And if they obey you in that tell them that Allah has made it obligatory on them to pay the Zakat which will be taken from the rich among them and given to the poor among them. If they obey you in that, then avoid taking the best of their possessions, and be afraid of the curse of an oppressed person because there is no screen between his invocation and Allah."

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See also

References
  1. Abu Khalil, Shawqi (1 March 2004). Atlas of the Prophet's biography: places, nations, landmarks. Dar-us-Salam. p. 239. ISBN 978-9960-897-71-4.
  2. Abū Khalīl, Shawqī (2003). Atlas of the Quran. Dar-us-Salam. p. 244. ISBN 978-9960-897-54-7.
  3. Muir, William (August 1878), The life of Mahomet (Full free digitized version), Kessinger Publishing Co, p. 225
  4. Tabari, Al (25 Sep 1990), The last years of the Prophet (translated by Isma'il Qurban Husayn), State University of New York Press, p. 89, ISBN 978-0-88706-691-7 Note: Author says "the Messenger of God dispatched Ali b. Abi Talib with an army to the Yemen in Ramadan"
  5. Sahih al-Bukhari, 2:24:573
  6. Ibn Sa'd's Kitab Al-Tabaqat Al Kabir. p. 154. ISBN 81-7151-127-9.
  7. Muir, William (August 1878), The life of Mahomet (Full free digitized version), Kessinger Publishing Co, p. 225
  8. Tabari, Al (25 Sep 1990), The last years of the Prophet, translated by Qurban Husayn, Isma'il, State University of New York Press, p. 89, ISBN 978-0-88706-691-7
  9. Sahih al-Bukhari, 2:24:573 (in book 59, Military Expeditions)
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