Eucalyptus caesia

Eucalyptus caesia, commonly known as caesia[2] or gungurru,[3] is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth reddish brown bark at first, later shedding in curling flakes, lance-shaped, sometimes curved adult leaves, club-shaped flower buds covered with a waxy, bluish white bloom, pink stamens with yellow anthers and urn-shaped fruit.

fruit
habit

Caesia

Priority Four — Rare Taxa (DEC)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. caesia
Binomial name
Eucalyptus caesia
E. caesia, field distribution
Synonyms[1]
  • Eucalyptus caesia ‘Silver Princess’
  • Eucalyptus caesia Benth. subsp. caesia
  • Eucalyptus caesia subsp. magna Brooker & Hopper

Description

Eucalyptus caesia is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 2 to 14 metres (6.6 to 45.9 ft) and forms a lignotuber. The bark is smooth reddish brown at first and is shed in curling longitudinal flakes known as "minnirichi". Young branches are shiny red, covered with a waxy, bluish white bloom. Young plants and coppice regrowth have thick, glossy green, heart-shaped leaves 25–80 mm (0.98–3.1 in) long and 25–60 mm (1–2 in) wide that have a petiole. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, mostly 80–110 mm (3.1–4.3 in) long and 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) wide on a petiole 10–35 mm (0.39–1.4 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of three on an unbranched peduncle 15–35 mm (0.59–1.4 in) long, the individual flowers on pedicels 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in) long. Mature flower buds are oval or pear-shaped, covered with a whitish waxy bloom, 17–30 mm (0.67–1.2 in) long and 10–13 mm (0.39–0.51 in) wide with a conical operculum. Flowering mainly occurs between May and September and the flowers have pink stamens with yellow anthers on the tip. The fruit is a woody bell-shaped or urn-shaped capsule 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) long and 18–23 mm (0.71–0.91 in) wide on a peduncle 13–33 mm (0.51–1.3 in) long.[4][5][6]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus caesia was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham from a collection made by James Drummond in 1847 and the description was published in Flora Australiensis.[7][8]

In 1982, Ian Brooker and Stephen Hopper described two subspecies, but the Australian Plant Census accepts these as synonyms:

  • Eucalyptus caesia subsp. caesia grows to a height of 6 to 9 metres (20 to 30 ft) with smaller leaves, buds and fruit than the other subspecies;[4][6][9]
  • Eucalyptus caesia subsp. magna grows to a height of 15 metres (49 ft) with pendulous branches and larger leaves, buds and fruit.[4][6][10]

The specific epithet (caesia) is a Latin word meaning "bluish grey"[11] referring to the waxy cover of the small branches, flower buds and fruit.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Caesia grows in crevices at the base of granite outcrops in scattered inland areas of the south-west, including in the Avon Wheatbelt and Mallee biogeographic regions.[2] The species is known to be drought tolerant.[12]

Ecology

Despite persisting as very small populations, this species does not seem to exhibit effects of inbreeding depression.[13] Associated species include Eucalyptus crucis, Eucalyptus loxophleba, Allocasuarina huegeliana and Acacia lasiocalyx.[14]

Use in horticulture

A form known as 'Silver Princess' is described as a "graceful weeping tree" that has a regular and weeping form.[15]

Propagation is from seed, which germinates readily.[6]

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See also

References
  1. "Eucalyptus caesia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
  2. "Eucalyptus caesia". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. "Australian Plants Society NSW - Eucalyptus caesia, Gungurru". austplants.com.au. Retrieved 2020-02-24.
  4. "Eucalyptus caesia subsp. caesia". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  5. Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus caesia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  6. "Eucalyptus caesia". Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  7. "Eucalyptus caesia". APNI. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  8. Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1867). Flora Australiensis (Volume 3). London: Lovell Reeve & Co. p. 227. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  9. "Eucalyptus caesia subsp. caesia". APNI. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  10. "Eucalyptus caesia subsp. magna". APNI. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  11. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 177.
  12. "Eucalyptus caesia 'Silver Princess'". Rebel Gardener. 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  13. Bezemer, Nicole (2018). "Wild seedlings of a tree endemic on granite outcrops show no evidence of inbreeding depression". Australian Journal of Botany. 66 (1): 39–47. doi:10.1071/BT17175. ISSN 1444-9862.
  14. Douglas J. Boland; Maurice William McDonald (2006). Forest Trees of Australia. CSIRO publishing. ISBN 9780643069695.
  15. "Silver Princess Eucalyptus caesia" (PDF). Native Plant Notes. Kings Park and Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
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