Epidendrum tridens

Epidendrum tridens ("the three-toothed Epidendrum") is a terrestrial orchid closely allied to E. nocturnum, of which it has often been considered a variety or synonym.[1] For example, Reichenbach 1861 lists Epidendrum tridens (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn. (1898) as a synonym of Epidendrum nocturnum and Epidendrum nocturnum var. latifolium Lindl. (1837) as a distinguishable variety of Epidendrum nocturnum.[2]

Epidendrum tridens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Orchidaceae
Subfamily:
Epidendroideae
Tribe:
Epidendreae
Subtribe:
Laeliinae
Genus:
Epidendrum
Subgenus:
E. subg. Epidendrum
Section:
E. sect. Planifolia
Subsection:
E. subsect. Umbellata
Binomial name
Epidendrum tridens
Synonyms
  • Epidendrum nocturnum var. latifolium Lindl. (1837)
  • Epidendrum carpophorum Barb.Rodr. (1882)
  • Epidendrum nocturnum var. tridens (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn. (1898)
  • Epidendrum tunguraguae Schltr. (1921)
  • Epidendrum nocturna var. latifolia (Lindl.) Acuña (1938)
  • Epidendrum latifolium (Lindl.) Garay & H.R.Sweet (1972)
  • Epidendrum tridens var. briegeri Bock (1913)
  • Epidendrum nocturnum var. tumuc-humaciense Veyret (1983)
  • Epidendrum tumuc-humaciense (Veyret) Carnevali & G.A.Romero (1996)

Description

Epidendrum tridens belongs to the subgenus E. subg. Epidendrum Lindl. (1842), and as such, displays a sympodial growth habit featuring reed-like stems covered by distichous tubular sheathes, leaf-bearing above, and produces an apical inflorescence which has neither sheath nor spathe at its base. The stems grow approximately 30 cm tall. The length of the leaves is less than twice the width (hence the varietal name "latifolia"), up to 12 cm long and 8 cm wide.[3] The pedicellate ovary of the solitary flower is 6–10 cm long. The narrow pointed sepals and petals are lightly colored, described variously as white, yellow, and green, with a tinge of crimson, and approximately 7 cm long. The deeply trilobate lip is adnate to the column to its apex and bears a small yellow callus just past the column apex. The central lobe of the lip is linear-lanceolate, nearly 3 cm long by less than 3 mm wide. The lateral lobes of the lip, as illustrated by Dodson & Vásquez 1989, are roughly triangular, connected to the central lobe at one point. The IOSPE photo shows them as semi-ovate wings completely connected to the central lobe.[4]

E. tridens is distributed widely in the Neotropics.

gollark: > Lanterns give off a light level of 15, which is one level higher than torches. They also melt snow layers within 2 blocks and ice within 3 blocks.
gollark: They are marginally brighter than torches.
gollark: It might just be out of RAM or something. I'm backing up the backups, so wait a bit.
gollark: That would depend on why it's down.
gollark: What did you do?

References
  1. "Epidendrum tridens Poepp. & Endl., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 2 (1836): Synonyms". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  2. H. G. Reichenbach, item 322 in "ORCHIDES" in C. Müller, Ed. Walpers Annales Botanices Systematicae. VI(1861) p. 404. Berlin.
  3. C. Dodson & R. Vásquez "Epidendrum capophorum Barb. Rodr.", Plate 0326 of C. Dodson, Ed. Icones Plantarum Tropicarum, Series II: Orchids of Bolivia. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. 1989
  4. The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
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