Endoxa

Endoxa (Greek: ἔνδοξα) is the plural of endoxon,[1] deriving from the word doxa (δόξα, meaning "Belief", "opinion"). Plato referred to doxa as the level of apprehension attained when a mind's activity is directed to ta onta or "things" and that the process is independent of perception.[2] Whereas Plato condemned doxa as a starting point from which to attain truth, Aristotle used the term endoxa – in the sense of "commonplace", "everyday", "consensus" – to identify a group or population's beliefs that had previously withstood debate and argument (and were, thereby, more stable than doxa).

In Aristotle's conceptualization, endoxa are opinions that one can agree with after a careful examination of arguments both for and against it, with the former emerging stronger.[3] In the philosopher's explanation of the term in Topics I.1, endoxa was described as having five types: 1) the views of everyone; 2) the views of the preponderant majority; 3) the views of the recognized experts; 4) the views of all the experts; and, 5) the views of the most famous.[4] It is said that while endoxa may be plausible but this does not mean that they are true.[3]

Aside from those found in the Topics[5] of the Organon, examples of Aristotle's use of endoxa may also be found in his Rhetoric.[6] Otfried Höffe, translated by Christine Salazar, offers a detailed discussion of the topic in "Aristotle" (2003; pp. 35–42).

Note
  1. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aalphabetic+letter%3D*e%3Aentry+group%3D109%3Aentry%3De%29%2Fndocos
  2. Gulley, Norman (2013). Plato's Theory of Knowledge (Routledge Revivals). London: Methuen & Co Ltd. p. 87. ISBN 9781136200601.
  3. Cellucci, Carlo (2013). Rethinking Logic: Logic in Relation to Mathematics, Evolution, and Method. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 82. ISBN 9789400760905.
  4. Shields, Christopher (2008). The Blackwell Guide to Ancient Philosophy. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 157-158. ISBN 0631222146.
  5. Book I 1 100b18 Loeb Classical Library #391 p. 273
  6. Aristotle. Rhetoric. pp. Book A.1.11.
gollark: Probably, yes. I have a friend who likes programming language theory a lot but doesn't really expect to be able to get work in that (eventually).
gollark: The theoretical stuff isn't necessarily worse depending on what you want to do.
gollark: There are still more "industry-oriented" options for studying it and some which are less so.
gollark: Computer science isn't software engineering, though. CS is meant to teach more theory-oriented stuff.
gollark: As in, you think the majority of them don't *ask* for it, or you think the majority don't need degree-related skills?

See also
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