Elizabeth Devereux-Rochester
Elizabeth “Minnie" Devereux Rochester, also known as Elizabeth Reynolds, (born, 20 December 1917, died 1983 in St Malo, Nièvre, Bourgogne, France) was a member of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry who served with the Special Operations Executive (SOE) during World War II and worked as a courier for the French Section under the codename TYPIST (in French: DACTYLO).
Elizabeth “Minnie" Devereaux-Rochester | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | Elizabeth, "La Grande" |
| Born | 20 December 1917 |
| Died | between 1981-1983 St. Malo, France |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom, France |
| Service/ | Special Operations Executive, French Resistance |
| Years of service | 1943-1944 |
| Rank | Field agent and guerrilla commander |
| Commands held | Marksman |
| Awards | Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre |
Early life
The daughter of American parents, Aimee (Babe) Margaret Lathrop nee Gunning Rochester Reynolds and Richmond Rochester, Jr.. She had one sister, Aimee Christine Gunning Rochester. Devereaux Rochester was educated by an English governess and at Roedean School in England. Her parents divorced and her mother married Myron Reynolds. Devereaux went by the name Rochester pre-dominantly, but seems to have also used Reynolds.
In the 1930s, she was living in Paris with her mother; when the Germans invaded France. She successfully worked as a driver for the French Red Cross until her cover was compromised. She escaped with a group leading several Jews into Switzerland. She became one of the leaders of the group and was later asked to return to France and work with the French Resistance. She led several downed pilots across the border to Switzerland until that route had to be closed. For this group she developed a new escape route across the Pyrénées.
Special Operations Executive
She joined the Special Operations Executive (SOE) in early 1943. Following training, she landed in a Hudson aircraft on 18 October 1943 in France with Richard Heslop (organiser of the Marksman circuit, codename "Xavier", a male radio operator and a RF agent).
In Spring 1944 she was recalled by SOE to England, as she was deemed "too conspicuous". She left the Marksman circuit, but didn't return to England and instead went to Paris to see her mother. She was arrested on 20 March 1944 in Paris. She was released from the French gaol and eventually put in a Prison of War camp where she stayed until liberation.
Honours and awards
She was awarded the Legion of Honour; and the Croix de Guerre by France.
| 1939–1945 Star | France and Germany Star | War Medal |
| Légion d'honneur (Chevalier) |
Croix de Guerre (France) | |
Later life
Following the war she lived in Paris and worked in advertising for the Vel d'Hiv. She inherited money[1] from former California Governor, Jane L. Stanford. Mrs. Amy Hansen, a niece of Jane Lanthop Stanford, adopted Amiee G Reynolds and her two daughters, Minnie Rochester of Paris and Amiee Muinz. Stanford University tried to contest the adoption as invalid so that the money would not be bequeathed and would instead be given back to the university. The case was finally won by the heirs 21 September 1957[2] and shortly after she was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. She lived her later years in Dinard in Brittany until her death. She was never married.
References
- Rochester, Minnie (21 March 1957). "Heirs Win Hearing". San Francisco Examiner. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
- Rochester, Minnie (21 September 1957). "Stanford Loses $480,000 Court Case Decision". The LA Times. Retrieved 8 November 2019.