Eison

Eison (叡尊) (1201–1290) was a Japanese Buddhist monk who founded the Shingon Risshu sect.

Image of Eison by Zenshun at Saidai-ji (NT)

Eison entered religious training when he was eleven years old, studying initially at Daigo-ji and later at Kongōbu-ji. At the age of 34, while at Saidai-ji, he made the decision to become a fully ordained monk. However, since the process of ordination in Shingon Buddhism had been lost by this point in time, Eison decided to self-ordain, and along with three companions performed his own ordination ceremony at Tōdai-ji in 1236.[1]

After spending some years as a travelling priest, Eison returned to Saidai-ji and founded the Shingon Risshu sect. Saidai-ji prospered under his governance, receiving increased donations and revenue despite Eison's vows of poverty. In later years, Eison also accepted donations of land from the Retired Emperor Kameyama. These generous donations may have been the result of Eison's response to the Mongol invasions of Japan, in which he performed esoteric rituals to repel the invaders.[2] In honour of this, his disciples commissioned one of the earliest examples of a juzo (portrait of a living monk), sculpted in wood.[3]

In 1273, 1275 and 1280, despite his advancing years, Eison made pilgrimages to the Ise Grand Shrine, where he presented copies of the Daihannya-kyo Sutra.[4] After his death in 1290 he was given the posthumous title Kosho Bosatsu (興正菩薩).[1]

See also

References
  1. Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (24 November 2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. p. 280. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.
  2. David Quinter (12 June 2015). From Outcasts to Emperors: Shingon Ritsu and the Mañjuśrī Cult in Medieval Japan. BRILL. pp. 135–136. ISBN 978-90-04-29459-2.
  3. Robert H. Sharf; Elizabeth Horton Sharf (2001). Living Images: Japanese Buddhist Icons in Context. Stanford University Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-8047-3989-4.
  4. Mark Teeuwen; John Breen (9 February 2017). A Social History of the Ise Shrines: Divine Capital. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-4742-7281-0.

Bibliography
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